{ "meta": { "title": "Amicitia World · public citation index", "version": "0.1", "scope_note": "A selected citation and evidence-metadata index for Roman friendship, conventionally 500 BCE–500 CE, with separately labelled comparative and boundary controls.", "question": "What did friendship with the Roman people promise, whose interests did it protect, and how do the surviving sources qualify those expectations?", "counts": { "historical_records": 140, "admitted_records": 138, "default_records": 68, "selected_citations": 20, "record_date_assertions": 283, "research_questions": 5, "registered_record_links": 108 }, "notices": [ "This index provides citations and evidence metadata. It does not reproduce ancient passages or modern scholarly texts.", "Record identifiers refer to selected attestations, not 140 persons, independent friendships or members of an official register. The APR focus is an editorial relevance filter, not certification by the external Amici Populi Romani project.", "Admission, evidence labels and semantic states are inherited editorial classifications. Consult the cited source and its context; metadata alone does not establish a uniform legal status or guarantee.", "Twenty selected citations in ten work/document groups are neither complete ancient works nor an exhaustive survey. Consult full editions for the surrounding argument and textual apparatus.", "Episode or attestation dates and witness or composition dates remain separate. Alternatives and unknown endpoints are retained; no friendship duration is inferred.", "Source links are registered references. Some lead to a book or chapter rather than the precise cited passage; current remote availability and current text versions are not certified.", "Links lead to established scholarly corpora and editions. The current online text may differ from the edition consulted for the record." ] }, "records": [ { "id": "A001", "title": "Ardea", "source_id": "L01", "locus": "Livy 4.7.4", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit relationship, retrospective narrative", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Traditionally 444 BCE", "witness_label": "Late first century BCE / early first century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "positive_with_condition_of_maintenance", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.perseus-lat2:4.7.4/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A001-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -443, "end_year": -443, "qualification": "traditional year", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A001-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -99, "end_year": 100, "qualification": "Late first century BCE / early first century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A002", "title": "Clusium", "source_id": "L03", "locus": "Livy 5.35.5", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit designation with internal narrative tension", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Traditionally 391 BCE, before the Gallic sack", "witness_label": "Late first century BCE / early first century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.perseus-lat2:5.35.5/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A002-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -390, "end_year": -390, "qualification": "traditional year", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A002-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -99, "end_year": 100, "qualification": "Late first century BCE / early first century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A003", "title": "Latins and Hernici", "source_id": "L04", "locus": "Livy 6.2.3", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit collective relationship, retrospective generalization", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Relations before the aftermath of the Gallic sack; narrated c. 389 BCE", "witness_label": "Late first century BCE / early first century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.perseus-lat2:6.2.3/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A003-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -388, "end_year": -388, "qualification": "narrative context", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A003-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -99, "end_year": 100, "qualification": "Late first century BCE / early first century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A004", "title": "Samnites", "source_id": "L05", "locus": "Livy 7.19.4", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Friendship requested; treaty acceptance reported", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "354 BCE in Livy’s chronology", "witness_label": "Late first century BCE / early first century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "request_with_reported_acceptance", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.perseus-lat2:7.19.4/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A004-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -353, "end_year": -353, "qualification": "Livian chronology", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A004-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -99, "end_year": 100, "qualification": "Late first century BCE / early first century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A005", "title": "Carthage", "source_id": "L06", "locus": "Livy 7.27.3", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Friendship requested; treaty reported", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "348 BCE in Livy’s consular chronology", "witness_label": "Late first century BCE / early first century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "request_with_reported_treaty", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.perseus-lat2:7.27.3/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A005-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -347, "end_year": -347, "qualification": "Livian chronology", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A005-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -99, "end_year": 100, "qualification": "Late first century BCE / early first century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A006", "title": "Campanians", "source_id": "L07", "locus": "Livy 7.30.1", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Petition only in this excerpt", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "343 BCE in Livy’s chronology", "witness_label": "Late first century BCE / early first century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "requested", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.perseus-lat2:7.30.1/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A006-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -342, "end_year": -342, "qualification": "Livian chronology", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A006-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -99, "end_year": 100, "qualification": "Late first century BCE / early first century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A007", "title": "Antiochus III", "source_id": "G01", "locus": "Polybius 21.43.1", "medium": "literary", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "Greek treaty wording transmitted in narrative", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Peace settlement of 188 BCE", "witness_label": "Second century BCE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "treaty_obligation_with_condition", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.perseus-grc2:21.43.1/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A007-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -187, "end_year": -187, "qualification": "treaty context", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A007-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -199, "end_year": -100, "qualification": "Second century BCE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A008", "title": "Catamantaloedes", "source_id": "L08", "locus": "Caesar, Bellum Gallicum 1.3.3", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit retrospective title", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Before 58 BCE; exact admission date unspecified", "witness_label": "Caesar’s account of the 50s BCE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0448.phi001.perseus-lat2:1.3.3/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A008-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": null, "end_year": -57, "qualification": "before this narrated year; lower bound unknown", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A008-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -58, "end_year": -49, "qualification": "Caesar’s account of the 50s BCE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A009", "title": "Ariovistus", "source_id": "L10", "locus": "Caesar, Bellum Gallicum 1.43.4", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit designation and disputed obligations", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Designation in Caesar’s consulship, 59 BCE; dispute in 58 BCE", "witness_label": "Caesar’s account of the 50s BCE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0448.phi001.perseus-lat2:1.43.4/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A009-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -58, "end_year": -57, "qualification": "recognition and later dispute; not a duration", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A009-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -58, "end_year": -49, "qualification": "Caesar’s account of the 50s BCE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A010", "title": "Aedui", "source_id": "L12", "locus": "Caesar, Bellum Gallicum 1.35.4", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit collective designation in a reported senatorial instruction", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Senatorial resolution in 61 BCE; invoked in 58 BCE", "witness_label": "Caesar’s account of the 50s BCE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0448.phi001.perseus-lat2:1.35.4/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A010-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -60, "end_year": -57, "qualification": "resolution and later invocation; not a duration", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A010-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -58, "end_year": -49, "qualification": "Caesar’s account of the 50s BCE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A011", "title": "Unnamed grandfather of Piso Aquitanus", "source_id": "L13", "locus": "Caesar, Bellum Gallicum 4.12.4", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit designation; individual unnamed", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Before 55 BCE; exact date unspecified", "witness_label": "Caesar’s account of the 50s BCE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0448.phi001.perseus-lat2:4.12.4/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A011-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": null, "end_year": -54, "qualification": "before this narrated year; lower bound unknown", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A011-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -58, "end_year": -49, "qualification": "Caesar’s account of the 50s BCE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A012", "title": "Ubii", "source_id": "L14", "locus": "Caesar, Bellum Gallicum 4.16.5", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit relationship and hostage exchange", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "55 BCE", "witness_label": "Caesar’s account of the 50s BCE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0448.phi001.perseus-lat2:4.16.5/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A012-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -54, "end_year": -54, "qualification": "narrative context", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A012-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -58, "end_year": -49, "qualification": "Caesar’s account of the 50s BCE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A013", "title": "Ambiorix", "source_id": "L15", "locus": "Caesar, Bellum Gallicum 5.31.6", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Designation embedded in a mistaken belief", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "54 BCE", "witness_label": "Caesar’s account of the 50s BCE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0448.phi001.perseus-lat2:5.31.6/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A013-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -53, "end_year": -53, "qualification": "narrative context", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A013-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -58, "end_year": -49, "qualification": "Caesar’s account of the 50s BCE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A014", "title": "Adherbal", "source_id": "L16", "locus": "Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum 14, opening (14.1–2)", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit self-claim in a literary speech", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Appeal after displacement by Jugurtha, conventionally 116 BCE", "witness_label": "Sallust writing in the 40s BCE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0631.phi002.perseus-lat4:14/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A014-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -115, "end_year": -115, "qualification": "conventional date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A014-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -48, "end_year": -39, "qualification": "Sallust writing in the 40s BCE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A015", "title": "Bocchus I", "source_id": "L17", "locus": "Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum 111, opening", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Promised relationship, not completed status in the quoted clause", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "105 BCE in the surrender negotiations", "witness_label": "Sallust writing in the 40s BCE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "proposed", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0631.phi002.perseus-lat4:111/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A015-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -104, "end_year": -104, "qualification": "negotiation context", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A015-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -48, "end_year": -39, "qualification": "Sallust writing in the 40s BCE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A016", "title": "Hyrcanus II and his children", "source_id": "G02", "locus": "Josephus, Antiquitates Iudaicae 14.194", "medium": "literary", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "Explicit Greek documentary formula preserved by a later author", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Caesarian settlement, usually assigned to 47 BCE", "witness_label": "Josephus, c. 93/94 CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0526.tlg001.perseus-grc2:14.194/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A016-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -46, "end_year": -46, "qualification": "usual attribution", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A016-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 93, "end_year": 94, "qualification": "Josephus, c. 93/94 CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A017", "title": "Titus Pomponius Atticus", "source_id": "L18", "locus": "Cicero, Laelius de amicitia 5", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit amicus address", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "44 BCE, date of composition", "witness_label": "Contemporary authorial dedication", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0474.phi052.perseus-lat2:5/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A017-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -43, "end_year": -43, "qualification": "authorial dedication", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A017-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -43, "end_year": -43, "qualification": "Contemporary authorial dedication", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A018", "title": "Gaius Laelius and Scipio Aemilianus", "source_id": "L19", "locus": "Cicero, Laelius de amicitia 4", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit thematic relationship; dramatic reconstruction", "layer": "contextual relationship", "event_label": "Dramatic setting shortly after Scipio’s death in 129 BCE", "witness_label": "Cicero, 44 BCE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0474.phi052.perseus-lat2:4/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A018-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -128, "end_year": -128, "qualification": "dramatic setting, not beginning of friendship", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A018-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -43, "end_year": -43, "qualification": "Cicero, 44 BCE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A019", "title": "Salvidienus Rufus and Cornelius Gallus", "source_id": "L21", "locus": "Suetonius, Augustus 66.1", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit relationship in retrospective biography", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Triumviral and Augustan periods", "witness_label": "Early second century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "imperial_related", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi1348.abo012.perseus-lat2:66/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A019-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -42, "end_year": 14, "qualification": "coarse Triumviral/Augustan display envelope, not continuous friendship", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A019-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 101, "end_year": 200, "qualification": "Early second century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A020", "title": "Publius Vedius Pollio", "source_id": "L22", "locus": "Pliny the Elder, Naturalis historia 9.77", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit ex amicis designation in moralizing narrative", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Augustan period", "witness_label": "Pliny’s Naturalis historia, first century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "imperial_related", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/pliny.nh9.html", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A020-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -26, "end_year": 14, "qualification": "coarse Augustan display envelope", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A020-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 1, "end_year": 100, "qualification": "Pliny’s Naturalis historia, first century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A021", "title": "Servius Sulpicius Galba", "source_id": "L23", "locus": "Suetonius, Galba 7.1", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit reception into cohors amicorum", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "After Caligula’s death in 41 CE", "witness_label": "Early second century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "imperial_related", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi1348.abo017.perseus-lat2:7.1/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A021-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 41, "end_year": null, "qualification": "after 41 CE; upper bound unresolved", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A021-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 101, "end_year": 200, "qualification": "Early second century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A022", "title": "Marcus Terentius and Sejanus", "source_id": "L24", "locus": "Tacitus, Annales 6.8, speech of Marcus Terentius", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Expressly admitted friendship in a forensic speech", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "After Sejanus’s fall; narrated under 32 CE", "witness_label": "Tacitus, early second century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/tacitus/tac.ann6.shtml", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A022-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 32, "end_year": 32, "qualification": "narrative context", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A022-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 101, "end_year": 200, "qualification": "Tacitus, early second century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A023", "title": "Julius Planta", "source_id": "E01", "locus": "CIL V 5050 = ILS 206, Tabula Clesiana, lines 13–19", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit imperial designation in an inscribed edict", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "15 March 46 CE", "witness_label": "Inscribed copy of Claudius’s edict", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "imperial_related", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "A023-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 46, "end_year": 46, "qualification": "edict issued 15 March 46; copy date separate", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A023-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Inscribed copy of Claudius’s edict", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A024", "title": "Gaius Pompeius Planta", "source_id": "L25", "locus": "Pliny the Younger, Epistulae 10.7", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit designation in Trajan’s letter", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Early reign of Trajan; precise date not fixed here", "witness_label": "Letter transmitted in Pliny’s Book 10", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "imperial_related", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/pliny.ep10.html", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A024-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 98, "end_year": 117, "qualification": "Trajan reign envelope; exact letter date unresolved", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A024-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Letter transmitted in Pliny’s Book 10", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A025", "title": "Gaius Pompeius Planta", "source_id": "P01", "locus": "P.Oxy. XLII 3022, lines 9–15; HGV/TM 16422", "medium": "papyrological", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "Explicit documentary designation", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "98 CE, according to titulature and catalogue", "witness_label": "Papyrus witness; local heading gives AD 98 without separately distinguishing the copy date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "imperial_related", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://papyri.info/ddbdp/p.oxy;42;3022", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A025-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 98, "end_year": 98, "qualification": "catalogue/titulature", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A025-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 98, "end_year": 98, "qualification": "Papyrus witness; local heading gives AD 98 without separately distinguishing the copy date", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A026", "title": "Voconius Romanus", "source_id": "L26", "locus": "Pliny the Younger, Epistulae 10.4.1", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit friend of Pliny", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Early reign of Trajan", "witness_label": "Contemporary letter transmitted in Pliny’s Book 10", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/pliny.ep10.html", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A026-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 98, "end_year": 117, "qualification": "Trajan reign envelope; exact letter date unresolved", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A026-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Contemporary letter transmitted in Pliny’s Book 10", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A027", "title": "Julius Balbus", "source_id": "E02", "locus": "IAph2007 8.33, lines 5–6; Reynolds 1982 no. 14", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "Explicit designation in Greek imperial subscript", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Document: 98 or 100 CE in the edition", "witness_label": "Inscription: second to third century CE in the edition", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "imperial_related", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://insaph.kcl.ac.uk/iaph2007/iAph080033.html", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A027-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 98, "end_year": 98, "qualification": "one of two edition alternatives; other is 100 CE", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A027-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 101, "end_year": 300, "qualification": "Inscription: second to third century CE in the edition", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A027-t2", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 100, "end_year": 100, "qualification": "alternative edition dating", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A028", "title": "Quintus Baebius Modestus", "source_id": "E03", "locus": "AE 1998, 671 and later corrections; EDCS-11600199, lines 1–5", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit adlection; chronology and erased name revised", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "EDCS: 177–180 CE; Mastino: 178–180; Bruun 2001 used 211 CE", "witness_label": "Votive inscription; later editorial disagreement over imperial names", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "imperial_related", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "A028-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 177, "end_year": 180, "qualification": "EDCS catalogue range; competing datings retained separately", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A028-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Votive inscription; later editorial disagreement over imperial names", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A028-t2", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 178, "end_year": 180, "qualification": "Mastino dating reported in dossier", "is_default": 0 }, { "id": "A028-t3", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 211, "end_year": 211, "qualification": "older Bruun dating reported in dossier; disputed", "is_default": 0 } ] }, { "id": "A029", "title": "Unnamed friends accompanying Septimius Severus", "source_id": "P02", "locus": "P.Oxy. XLII 3019, verso lines 5–12", "medium": "papyrological", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "Explicit group; no named roster", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "9 March 200 CE", "witness_label": "Papyrus copy catalogued to the third century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "imperial_related", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://papyri.info/ddbdp/p.oxy;42;3019", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A029-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 200, "end_year": 200, "qualification": "hearing dated 9 March 200; copy third century", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A029-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 201, "end_year": 300, "qualification": "Papyrus copy catalogued to the third century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A030", "title": "Gaius Ovinius Tertullus", "source_id": "E04", "locus": "CIL III 781 = ILS 423, imperial letter concerning Tyras, friendship clause", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit official designation; identification from dossier context", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Severan period; inscription’s consular date requires independent cross-check", "witness_label": "Inscribed imperial correspondence with Greek forwarding text", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "imperial_related", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "A030-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 201, "end_year": 201, "qualification": "EDCS catalogue date; consular dating not independently re-established", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A030-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Inscribed imperial correspondence with Greek forwarding text", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A031", "title": "Flavius Latronianus", "source_id": "E05", "locus": "IAph2007 8.100, lines 8–13; Reynolds 1982 no. 22", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "Explicit Greek imperial designation", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "238–244 CE", "witness_label": "Inscription assigned to Gordian III’s reign", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "imperial_related", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://insaph.kcl.ac.uk/iaph2007/iAph080100.html", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A031-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 238, "end_year": 244, "qualification": "reign range", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A031-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 238, "end_year": 244, "qualification": "Inscription assigned to Gordian III’s reign", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A032", "title": "Aphrodisias", "source_id": "E06", "locus": "IAph2007 8.102, lines 4–6", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "Explicit civic relationship in imperial reply", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "239 CE", "witness_label": "Inscribed letter of Gordian III", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://insaph.kcl.ac.uk/iaph2007/iAph080102.html", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A032-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 239, "end_year": 239, "qualification": "document date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A032-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Inscribed letter of Gordian III", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A033", "title": "Strabonia Euphrosyne and Caesidia Ionis", "source_id": "E07", "locus": "AE 1985, 405 = SupIt 17, Ferrara 10 = EDCS-08100073", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit female friendship in an epitaph", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Catalogue range 171–230 CE", "witness_label": "Funerary inscription from Vicohabentia", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "A033-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 171, "end_year": 230, "qualification": "catalogue range", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A033-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Funerary inscription from Vicohabentia", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A034", "title": "Cassius Pudens", "source_id": "E08", "locus": "CIL III 14136.1 = EDCS-31400480, friendship clause", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit amicus in a funerary text", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Catalogue dates to 42 CE", "witness_label": "Inscription from Alexandria", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "A034-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 42, "end_year": 42, "qualification": "catalogue date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A034-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Inscription from Alexandria", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A035", "title": "Threptus and Claudius Erasmus", "source_id": "E09", "locus": "CIL VI 27386 = EDCS-14801341", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit superlative amicus with damaged ending", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Catalogue range 51–200 CE", "witness_label": "Funerary inscription from Rome", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "A035-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 51, "end_year": 200, "qualification": "catalogue range", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A035-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Funerary inscription from Rome", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A036", "title": "Marcus Caecilius Privatus", "source_id": "E10", "locus": "CIL V 4325 = InscrIt X.5 112 = EDCS-04203377", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit amicus", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Catalogue range 131–150 CE", "witness_label": "Honorific inscription from Brixia", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "A036-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 131, "end_year": 150, "qualification": "catalogue range", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A036-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Honorific inscription from Brixia", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A037", "title": "Petesouchos and Aurelius Abous", "source_id": "P03", "locus": "BGU I 4, lines 3–15; cf. BGU XV 2458; TM/HGV 9088", "medium": "papyrological", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "Explicit φίλος in a petition alleging failure of trust", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "177 CE in the local catalogue", "witness_label": "Documentary papyrus; local text flags a later re-edition", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://papyri.info/ddbdp/bgu;1;4", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A037-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 177, "end_year": 177, "qualification": "local catalogue date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A037-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Documentary papyrus; local text flags a later re-edition", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A038", "title": "Shapur II", "source_id": "L27", "locus": "Ammianus Marcellinus 17.5.10", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Prospective personal/state language in a transmitted letter", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "358 CE in Ammianus’s narrative", "witness_label": "Ammianus writing in the later fourth century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "proposed", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:stoa0023.stoa001.perseus-lat2:17.5.10/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A038-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 358, "end_year": 358, "qualification": "narrative context", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A038-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 301, "end_year": 400, "qualification": "Ammianus writing in the later fourth century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A039", "title": "Arsaces II of Armenia", "source_id": "L28", "locus": "Ammianus Marcellinus 20.11.1", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit continuing relationship", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "360 CE in Ammianus’s narrative", "witness_label": "Ammianus, later fourth century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:stoa0023.stoa001.perseus-lat2:20.11.1/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A039-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 360, "end_year": 360, "qualification": "narrative context", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A039-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 301, "end_year": 400, "qualification": "Ammianus, later fourth century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A040", "title": "Shapur II", "source_id": "L29", "locus": "Ammianus Marcellinus 27.12.1", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit but qualified and hostile retrospective characterization", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "After the settlement of 363 CE", "witness_label": "Ammianus, later fourth century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "apparent", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:stoa0023.stoa001.perseus-lat2:27.12.1/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A040-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 363, "end_year": null, "qualification": "after the 363 settlement; end unknown", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A040-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 301, "end_year": 400, "qualification": "Ammianus, later fourth century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A041", "title": "Aurelius Theodolus", "source_id": "E11", "locus": "ICUR VIII 20945 = ILCV 4668 = EDCS-30700343", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit collective social relationship", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Catalogue range 301–400 CE", "witness_label": "Funerary inscription from Rome", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "A041-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 301, "end_year": 400, "qualification": "catalogue century range", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A041-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Funerary inscription from Rome", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A042", "title": "Donidius", "source_id": "L30", "locus": "Sidonius Apollinaris, Epistulae 3.5.3", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit amicus designation", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Fifth century CE, during Sidonius’s episcopate; exact year not asserted", "witness_label": "Sidonius’s letter to Hypatius, collected in the fifth century", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/sidonius3.html", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A042-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 401, "end_year": 500, "qualification": "fifth-century envelope; exact letter year not fixed", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A042-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 401, "end_year": 500, "qualification": "Sidonius’s letter to Hypatius, collected in the fifth century", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A043", "title": "Polemius", "source_id": "L31", "locus": "Sidonius Apollinaris, Epistulae 3.14.1 and 3.14.4", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Amicitia invoked through historical quotation and admonition", "layer": "contextual relationship", "event_label": "Fifth century CE; roughly two years into Polemius’s prefecture according to the letter", "witness_label": "Sidonius’s contemporary letter", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/sidonius3.html", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A043-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 401, "end_year": 500, "qualification": "fifth-century envelope; exact letter year not fixed", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A043-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 401, "end_year": 500, "qualification": "Sidonius’s contemporary letter", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A044", "title": "Herod the Great", "source_id": "G04", "locus": "Josephus, Antiquitates Iudaicae 15.217", "medium": "literary", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "Explicit φίλος in Josephus’s narrative", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "30 BCE, Egyptian aftermath of Actium", "witness_label": "Josephus, c. 93/94 CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0526.tlg001.perseus-grc2:15.217/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A044-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -29, "end_year": -29, "qualification": "narrative context", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A044-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 93, "end_year": 94, "qualification": "Josephus, c. 93/94 CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A045", "title": "Herod and Marcus Agrippa", "source_id": "G05", "locus": "Josephus, Antiquitates Iudaicae 15.350", "medium": "literary", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "Explicit φίλος and familiar association", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Agrippa’s eastern activity in the 20s BCE; exact meeting date not asserted", "witness_label": "Josephus, c. 93/94 CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0526.tlg001.perseus-grc2:15.350/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A045-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -28, "end_year": -19, "qualification": "20s BCE; exact meeting year unresolved", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A045-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 93, "end_year": 94, "qualification": "Josephus, c. 93/94 CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A046", "title": "Herod the Great", "source_id": "G06", "locus": "Josephus, Antiquitates Iudaicae 16.290", "medium": "literary", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "Explicit contrast in a reported imperial letter", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Later reign of Herod; dispute commonly placed c. 9 BCE", "witness_label": "Josephus, c. 93/94 CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "past_positive_with_threatened_change", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0526.tlg001.perseus-grc2:16.290/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A046-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -8, "end_year": -8, "qualification": "approximate conventional attribution", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A046-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 93, "end_year": 94, "qualification": "Josephus, c. 93/94 CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A047", "title": "Deiotarus", "source_id": "L32", "locus": "Cicero, Pro rege Deiotaro 9", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit amicus in a defense speech", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "45 BCE speech, looking back to the civil war", "witness_label": "Contemporary Ciceronian oratory", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0474.phi034.perseus-lat2:9/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A047-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -44, "end_year": -44, "qualification": "speech attestation; relation precedes this date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A047-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -44, "end_year": -44, "qualification": "Contemporary Ciceronian oratory", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A048", "title": "Mithridates of Pergamum", "source_id": "L33", "locus": "Bellum Alexandrinum 78", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit superlative amicissimus", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "47 BCE", "witness_label": "Caesarian narrative, first century BCE; author disputed", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0428.phi001.perseus-lat1:78/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A048-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -46, "end_year": -46, "qualification": "narrative context", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A048-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -99, "end_year": 0, "qualification": "Caesarian narrative, first century BCE; author disputed", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A049", "title": "Antiochus IV and Ptolemy VI in Roman mediation", "source_id": "L34", "locus": "Livy 44.19.14", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit threat of non-recognition", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "168 BCE in Livy’s narrative", "witness_label": "Late first century BCE / early first century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "conditional_threat", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.perseus-lat2:44.19.14/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A049-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -167, "end_year": -167, "qualification": "narrative context", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A049-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -99, "end_year": 100, "qualification": "Late first century BCE / early first century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A050", "title": "Cimbri, Charydes, Semnones, and other Germanic peoples", "source_id": "L35", "locus": "Augustus, Res Gestae 26", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit requests in imperial self-presentation", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Augustan northern expedition context; individual embassy dates not all fixed here", "witness_label": "Augustus’s retrospective account, finalized by 14 CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "requested", "source_link": { "url": "https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/augustus/resgestae.html#26", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A050-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -26, "end_year": 14, "qualification": "Augustan envelope; individual embassy dates unresolved", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A050-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 14, "end_year": 14, "qualification": "Augustus’s retrospective account, finalized by 14 CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A051", "title": "Parthians", "source_id": "L36", "locus": "Augustus, Res Gestae 29", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit imperial claim of coercion", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Return of standards in 20 BCE", "witness_label": "Augustus’s retrospective account, finalized by 14 CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "compelled_request", "source_link": { "url": "https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/augustus/resgestae.html#29", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A051-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -19, "end_year": -19, "qualification": "standards-return context", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A051-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 14, "end_year": 14, "qualification": "Augustus’s retrospective account, finalized by 14 CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A052", "title": "Bastarnae, Scythians, Sarmatian kings, and kings of the Albanians, Hiberians, and Medes", "source_id": "L37", "locus": "Augustus, Res Gestae 31", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit requests; mixed entity types", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Various Augustan contacts; individual dates unresolved here", "witness_label": "Augustus’s retrospective account, finalized by 14 CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "requested", "source_link": { "url": "https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/augustus/resgestae.html#31", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A052-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -26, "end_year": 14, "qualification": "Augustan envelope; contacts not simultaneous", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A052-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 14, "end_year": 14, "qualification": "Augustus’s retrospective account, finalized by 14 CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "A053", "title": "Phraates IV, son of Orodes", "source_id": "L38", "locus": "Augustus, Res Gestae 32, Phraates clause", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "Explicit request in Augustan self-presentation", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Augustan period; sending of sons conventionally c. 10 BCE", "witness_label": "Augustus’s retrospective account, finalized by 14 CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "requested", "source_link": { "url": "https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/augustus/resgestae.html#32", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "A053-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -9, "end_year": -9, "qualification": "approximate conventional attribution", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "A053-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 14, "end_year": 14, "qualification": "Augustus’s retrospective account, finalized by 14 CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "AR01", "title": "Gaius Precilius Apollonides and Sextus Sentius Proculus", "source_id": "S04-AR01", "locus": "EDCS-00400061 = IK 13,718 = IK 59,131", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "AR01-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 129, "end_year": 212, "qualification": "catalogue interval, not independently redated", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "AR01-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "AR02", "title": "Roles, king of some Getae, and Caesar", "source_id": "S04-AR02", "locus": "Cassius Dio 51.24, concluding sentences", "medium": "literary", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "AR02-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "date unnormalized; no invented event year", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "AR02-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "AR03", "title": "Ptolemy of Cyprus: friend versus senatorial ally", "source_id": "S04-AR03", "locus": "Cicero, Pro Sestio 57; compare 59", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "AR03-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "date unnormalized; no invented event year", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "AR03-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "AR04", "title": "Antiochus, the visiting Syrian king", "source_id": "S04-AR04", "locus": "Cicero, In Verrem 2.4.68; antecedent 2.4.61", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "AR04-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "date unnormalized; no invented event year", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "AR04-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "AR05", "title": "Macrianus and Valentinian: friendship confirmed by oath", "source_id": "S04-AR05", "locus": "Ammianus Marcellinus 30.3.5; context 30.3.1–7", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "AR05-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 351, "end_year": 400, "qualification": "narrated diplomatic episode; century bracket", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "AR05-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "AR06", "title": "Fritigern’s prospective friendship with Valens", "source_id": "S04-AR06", "locus": "Ammianus Marcellinus 31.12.9; antecedent 31.12.8", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "proposed", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "proposed", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "AR06-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 378, "end_year": 378, "qualification": "narrated pre-battle negotiation", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "AR06-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "D001", "title": "Plarasa/Aphrodisias and Quintus Oppius", "source_id": "D001S", "locus": "iAph080002", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "inscribed / documentary assertion", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Document 85 BCE; inscribed copy second century CE", "witness_label": "Document 85 BCE; inscribed copy second century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://insaph.kcl.ac.uk/iaph2007/iAph080002.html", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "D001-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -84, "end_year": -84, "qualification": "original letter; later inscribed copy", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "D001-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 101, "end_year": 200, "qualification": "Document 85 BCE; inscribed copy second century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "D002", "title": "Anonymous comes, friend of the emperors", "source_id": "D002S", "locus": "iAph050215", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "inscribed / documentary assertion", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "First half of fourth century CE (edition dating)", "witness_label": "First half of fourth century CE (edition dating)", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "imperial_related", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://insaph.kcl.ac.uk/iaph2007/iAph050215.html", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "D002-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 301, "end_year": 350, "qualification": "edition: first half fourth century", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "D002-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 301, "end_year": 350, "qualification": "First half of fourth century CE (edition dating)", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "D003", "title": "Ulpius Marc[ellus?], Commodus’s friend", "source_id": "D003S", "locus": "iAph080035", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "inscribed / documentary assertion", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Document 189 CE; inscribed copy second–third century CE", "witness_label": "Document 189 CE; inscribed copy second–third century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "imperial_related", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://insaph.kcl.ac.uk/iaph2007/iAph080035.html", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "D003-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 189, "end_year": 189, "qualification": "original letter; later copy", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "D003-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 101, "end_year": 300, "qualification": "Document 189 CE; inscribed copy second–third century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "D004", "title": "Kylindros and Apollonios", "source_id": "D004S", "locus": "bgu.1.48", "medium": "papyrological", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "inscribed / documentary assertion", "layer": "broad affectionate address", "event_label": "Second/third century CE? (local header: II/III spc?)", "witness_label": "Second/third century CE? (local header: II/III spc?)", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://papyri.info/ddbdp/bgu;1;48", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "D004-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 101, "end_year": 300, "qualification": "tentative second/third-century range", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "D004-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 101, "end_year": 300, "qualification": "Second/third century CE? (local header: II/III spc?)", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "D005", "title": "Syros and Heroninos", "source_id": "D005S", "locus": "bgu.13.2347", "medium": "papyrological", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "inscribed / documentary assertion", "layer": "broad affectionate address", "event_label": "About 250 CE; Theadelphia (local header)", "witness_label": "About 250 CE; Theadelphia (local header)", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://papyri.info/ddbdp/bgu;13;2347", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "D005-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 250, "end_year": 250, "qualification": "about 250; point marks approximation, not exact year", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "D005-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 250, "end_year": 250, "qualification": "About 250 CE; Theadelphia (local header)", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "D006", "title": "Eurylochos and Athenodoros", "source_id": "D006S", "locus": "bgu.16.2629", "medium": "papyrological", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "inscribed / documentary assertion", "layer": "broad affectionate address", "event_label": "4 BCE (local header)", "witness_label": "4 BCE (local header)", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://papyri.info/ddbdp/bgu;16;2629", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "D006-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -3, "end_year": -3, "qualification": "local header", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "D006-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -3, "end_year": -3, "qualification": "4 BCE (local header)", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "D007", "title": "Lucius Aelius Camus and Lucius Naevius Callistus", "source_id": "D007S", "locus": "ILGR 00085 · EDCS-29600002", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "inscribed / documentary assertion", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "101–200 CE (EDCS catalogue)", "witness_label": "101–200 CE (EDCS catalogue)", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "D007-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 101, "end_year": 200, "qualification": "catalogue range", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "D007-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 101, "end_year": 200, "qualification": "101–200 CE (EDCS catalogue)", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "D008", "title": "Gaius Julius Cypaerus and Marcus Rutilius Lupus", "source_id": "D008S", "locus": "D 06500 = NSA-1894-387 · EDCS-31300237", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "inscribed / documentary assertion", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "41–70 CE (EDCS catalogue)", "witness_label": "41–70 CE (EDCS catalogue)", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "D008-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 41, "end_year": 70, "qualification": "catalogue range", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "D008-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 41, "end_year": 70, "qualification": "41–70 CE (EDCS catalogue)", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "D009", "title": "Acilia Plecusa and Publius Magnius Rufus Magonianus", "source_id": "D009S", "locus": "CIL 02-05, 00780 = CIL 02, 02029 (p LXXIX, 879) = D 01405 = HEp 1995, 00580 = AE 1946, +00277 = AE 1950, 00139 = AE 1994, 00922a = AE 2012, +00732 = Navarro-2017, 00201,6 = Navarro-2017, 00204,1 · EDCS-08700844", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "inscribed / documentary assertion", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "180–200 CE (EDCS catalogue)", "witness_label": "180–200 CE (EDCS catalogue)", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "D009-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 180, "end_year": 200, "qualification": "catalogue range", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "D009-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 180, "end_year": 200, "qualification": "180–200 CE (EDCS catalogue)", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "NX01", "title": "Maximus calls himself Sabina’s amicus", "source_id": "S04-NX01", "locus": "EDCS-00380166", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "NX01-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 201, "end_year": 300, "qualification": "object_date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "NX01-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "NX02", "title": "Obulnia Tertia commemorates Domitia Vitalis", "source_id": "S04-NX02", "locus": "EDCS-00600043", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "NX02-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 101, "end_year": 200, "qualification": "object_date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "NX02-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "NX03", "title": "Titus Munius Priscianus and Epaenetus", "source_id": "S04-NX03", "locus": "EDCS-00600172", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "NX03-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 51, "end_year": 100, "qualification": "object_date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "NX03-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "NX04", "title": "Gaius Vennonius Primus and Albius Vitalis", "source_id": "S04-NX04", "locus": "EDCS-01300288", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "NX04-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 1, "end_year": 100, "qualification": "object_date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "NX04-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "NX05", "title": "Statius Onesimus in the dedication for Lucius Atilius Saturninus", "source_id": "S04-NX05", "locus": "EDCS-01300458", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "NX05-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 151, "end_year": 170, "qualification": "object_date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "NX05-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "NX06", "title": "Betutia Fusca includes Marcus Salvius Primus as amicus", "source_id": "S04-NX06", "locus": "EDCS-01401119", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "NX06-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 31, "end_year": 70, "qualification": "object_date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "NX06-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "NX07", "title": "Apollonios and Dioscorides", "source_id": "S04-NX07", "locus": "p.oxy.38.2861", "medium": "papyrological", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": { "url": "https://papyri.info/ddbdp/p.oxy;38;2861", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "NX07-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 101, "end_year": 200, "qualification": "document_date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "NX07-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "NX08", "title": "Sarapion asks his friend Ptolemaios for help", "source_id": "S04-NX08", "locus": "sb.3.7268", "medium": "papyrological", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": { "url": "https://papyri.info/ddbdp/sb;3;7268", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "NX08-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 98, "end_year": 117, "qualification": "document_date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "NX08-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "NX09", "title": "Abinnaeus addresses a collective of friends", "source_id": "S04-NX09", "locus": "p.abinn.43", "medium": "papyrological", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": { "url": "https://papyri.info/ddbdp/p.abinn;;43", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "NX09-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 348, "end_year": 351, "qualification": "document_date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "NX09-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "NX10", "title": "Valerius refers to a close friend with a damaged name", "source_id": "S04-NX10", "locus": "p.oxy.51.3643", "medium": "papyrological", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": { "url": "https://papyri.info/ddbdp/p.oxy;51;3643", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "NX10-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 101, "end_year": 200, "qualification": "document_date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "NX10-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "RC01", "title": "Agricola and an unnamed Irish ruler", "source_id": "S04-RC01", "locus": "Tacitus, Agricola 24.3", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "apparent", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "apparent", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi1351.phi001.perseus-lat1:24.3/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "RC01-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 1, "end_year": 100, "qualification": "century bracket", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "RC01-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "RC02", "title": "Roman envoys propose a friendship treaty to Shapur", "source_id": "S04-RC02", "locus": "Ammianus Marcellinus 17.14.1", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "proposed", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "proposed", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:stoa0023.stoa001.perseus-lat2:17.14.1/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "RC02-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 351, "end_year": 400, "qualification": "century bracket, not duration of friendship", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "RC02-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "RC03", "title": "Arsaces described as a faithful Roman friend", "source_id": "S04-RC03", "locus": "Ammianus Marcellinus 25.7.12", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:stoa0023.stoa001.perseus-lat2:25.7.12/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "RC03-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 351, "end_year": 400, "qualification": "century bracket, not duration of friendship", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "RC03-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "RC04", "title": "Shapur shuts the doors of friendship", "source_id": "S04-RC04", "locus": "Ammianus Marcellinus 27.12.18", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "ruptured", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_context", "semantic_state": "ruptured", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:stoa0023.stoa001.perseus-lat2:27.12.18/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "RC04-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 351, "end_year": 400, "qualification": "century bracket, not duration of friendship", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "RC04-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "RC05", "title": "Romans treat the Syracusans as friends and allies", "source_id": "S04-RC05", "locus": "Polybius 1.16.9", "medium": "literary", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.16.9/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "RC05-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -299, "end_year": -200, "qualification": "century bracket", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "RC05-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "RC06", "title": "Sicilians’ friendship status restored, in Cicero’s argument", "source_id": "S04-RC06", "locus": "Cicero, In Verrem 2.3.123", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "reported_positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "reported_positive", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0474.phi005.perseus-lat2:2.3.123/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "RC06-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -99, "end_year": 0, "qualification": "century bracket", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "RC06-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "RC07", "title": "Rhodian appeal to Cassius invokes friends and teachers", "source_id": "S04-RC07", "locus": "Appian, Civil Wars 4.9.68", "medium": "literary", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "reported_appeal", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "reported_appeal", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0551.tlg017.perseus-grc2:4.9.68/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "RC07-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -99, "end_year": 0, "qualification": "century bracket", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "RC07-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "RC08", "title": "Lucius Cornelius Balbus and his close advocates", "source_id": "S04-RC08", "locus": "Cicero, Pro Balbo 1", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "reported_positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "reported_positive", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0474.phi026.perseus-lat2:1/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "RC08-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -99, "end_year": 0, "qualification": "century bracket", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "RC08-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "RC09", "title": "Caesar’s longstanding friendship with Deiotarus", "source_id": "S04-RC09", "locus": "Alexandrian War 68", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "positive", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "positive", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0428.phi001.perseus-lat1:68/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "RC09-t04-0", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -99, "end_year": 0, "qualification": "century bracket", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "RC09-w04", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Composition/copy not assigned in this integration", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "RC10", "title": "Deiotarus and Domitius in Cicero’s rhetorical question", "source_id": "S04-RC10", "locus": "Cicero, Pro Deiotaro 25", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "rhetorical_counterfactual", "layer": "reviewed qualified attestation", "event_label": "See separately attributed temporal assertions", "witness_label": "Retained edition; composition/copy not inferred from episode date", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_context", "semantic_state": "rhetorical_counterfactual", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0474.phi034.perseus-lat2:25/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; 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not a new claim about the earlier event date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "W039-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -62, "end_year": -62, "qualification": "Speech dated 63 BCE in the build; surviving text is transmitted through later manuscripts", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "W040", "title": "Pompey, Crassus, and Cicero", "source_id": "W040S", "locus": "Cicero, Pro Sestio 39", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "friendship claimed amid contrary allegations", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Relationship invoked in the 56 BCE speech; its beginning and any earlier episode are not independently dated here", "witness_label": "Speech dated 56 BCE in the build; surviving text is transmitted through later manuscripts", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "W040-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -55, "end_year": -55, "qualification": "speech attestation; not a new claim about the earlier event date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "W040-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -55, "end_year": -55, "qualification": "Speech dated 56 BCE in the build; surviving text is transmitted through later manuscripts", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "W041", "title": "Quintus Arrius and Gaius Causinius Schola", "source_id": "W041S", "locus": "Cicero, Pro Milone 46", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "asserted", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Relationship invoked in the 52 BCE speech; its beginning and any earlier episode are not independently dated here", "witness_label": "Speech dated 52 BCE in the build; surviving text is transmitted through later manuscripts", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "W041-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -51, "end_year": -51, "qualification": "speech attestation; not a new claim about the earlier event date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "W041-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -51, "end_year": -51, "qualification": "Speech dated 52 BCE in the build; surviving text is transmitted through later manuscripts", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "W042", "title": "Milo’s hoped-for close friendship with Pompey and Cicero", "source_id": "W042S", "locus": "Cicero, Pro Milone 68", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "hoped-for friendship", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Relationship invoked in the 52 BCE speech; its beginning and any earlier episode are not independently dated here", "witness_label": "Speech dated 52 BCE in the build; surviving text is transmitted through later manuscripts", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "hoped_for", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "W042-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -51, "end_year": -51, "qualification": "speech attestation; not a new claim about the earlier event date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "W042-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -51, "end_year": -51, "qualification": "Speech dated 52 BCE in the build; surviving text is transmitted through later manuscripts", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "W043", "title": "Cyzicus as a very friendly city", "source_id": "W043S", "locus": "Cicero, Pro Archia 21", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "rhetorical civic designation", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Relationship invoked in the 62 BCE speech; its beginning and any earlier episode are not independently dated here", "witness_label": "Speech dated 62 BCE in the build; surviving text is transmitted through later manuscripts", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "W043-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -61, "end_year": -61, "qualification": "speech attestation; not a new claim about the earlier event date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "W043-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -61, "end_year": -61, "qualification": "Speech dated 62 BCE in the build; surviving text is transmitted through later manuscripts", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "W044", "title": "Decimus Brutus and the poet Accius", "source_id": "W044S", "locus": "Cicero, Pro Archia 27", "medium": "literary", "language": "Latin", "evidence_status": "retrospective named personal friendship", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Relationship invoked in the 62 BCE speech; its beginning and any earlier episode are not independently dated here", "witness_label": "Speech dated 62 BCE in the build; surviving text is transmitted through later manuscripts", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": null, "dates": [ { "id": "W044-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -61, "end_year": -61, "qualification": "speech attestation; not a new claim about the earlier event date", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "W044-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -61, "end_year": -61, "qualification": "Speech dated 62 BCE in the build; surviving text is transmitted through later manuscripts", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "W045", "title": "Caesar’s unnamed friend during the pirate captivity", "source_id": "W045S", "locus": "Plutarch, Caesar 2", "medium": "literary", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "Greek retrospective description", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Caesar’s lifetime; episode precedes 44 BCE", "witness_label": "Early second century CE; retrospective biography", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg048.perseus-grc2:2/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "W045-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": null, "end_year": -43, "qualification": "episode in Caesar’s lifetime, before 44 BCE; not finely dated here", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "W045-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 101, "end_year": 200, "qualification": "Early second century CE; retrospective biography", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "W046", "title": "Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus: friendship and civil conflict", "source_id": "W046S", "locus": "Plutarch, Caesar 13", "medium": "literary", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "Greek interpretive account of political friendship", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Caesar’s lifetime; episode precedes 44 BCE", "witness_label": "Early second century CE; retrospective biography", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg048.perseus-grc2:13/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "W046-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": null, "end_year": -43, "qualification": "episode in Caesar’s lifetime, before 44 BCE; not finely dated here", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "W046-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 101, "end_year": 200, "qualification": "Early second century CE; retrospective biography", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "W047", "title": "Caesar’s friends negotiating through Cicero", "source_id": "W047S", "locus": "Plutarch, Caesar 31", "medium": "literary", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "negotiating intermediaries in Greek narrative", "layer": "explicit lexical relationship", "event_label": "Caesar’s lifetime; episode precedes 44 BCE", "witness_label": "Early second century CE; retrospective biography", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "comparative", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg048.perseus-grc2:31/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "W047-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": null, "end_year": -43, "qualification": "episode in Caesar’s lifetime, before 44 BCE; not finely dated here", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "W047-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 101, "end_year": 200, "qualification": "Early second century CE; retrospective biography", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "X001", "title": "Rome and Carthage in the first-consuls treaty tradition", "source_id": "G03", "locus": "Polybius 3.22.4; date supplied by 3.22.1", "medium": "literary", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "Outside the event-date range under the conventional chronology", "layer": "control / excluded", "event_label": "Traditionally 509/508 BCE, before 500 BCE", "witness_label": "Polybius, second century BCE", "admitted": false, "apr_relevance": "apr_collective", "semantic_state": "outside_period_control", "source_link": { "url": "https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.22.4/", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "X001-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -508, "end_year": -507, "qualification": "outside requested boundary; control only", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "X001-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": -199, "end_year": -100, "qualification": "Polybius, second century BCE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "X002", "title": "Gaius Julius Zoilos", "source_id": "E12", "locus": "IAph2007 8.29, lines 1–2; Reynolds 1982 no. 10", "medium": "epigraphic", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "Explicit affection expressed by a verb; not a nominal amicus title", "layer": "broad contextual relationship", "event_label": "Document dated 39/38 BCE in the edition", "witness_label": "Inscription copied in the second–third century CE", "admitted": true, "apr_relevance": "apr_personal", "semantic_state": "inherited_qualified_claim", "source_link": { "url": "https://insaph.kcl.ac.uk/iaph2007/iAph080029.html", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "X002-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": -38, "end_year": -37, "qualification": "edition dating", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "X002-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": 101, "end_year": 300, "qualification": "Inscription copied in the second–third century CE", "is_default": 1 } ] }, { "id": "X003", "title": "Philos, associated with a bank", "source_id": "P04", "locus": "BGU I 44, phrase naming the bank", "medium": "papyrological", "language": "Greek", "evidence_status": "Excluded lexical homograph", "layer": "control / excluded", "event_label": "102 CE in the edition’s heading", "witness_label": "Documentary papyrus", "admitted": false, "apr_relevance": "not_relevant", "semantic_state": "lexical_control", "source_link": { "url": "https://papyri.info/ddbdp/bgu;1;44", "kind": "catalogue_record", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." }, "dates": [ { "id": "X003-t1", "scope": "episode_or_attestation", "start_year": 102, "end_year": 102, "qualification": "proper-name control", "is_default": 1 }, { "id": "X003-w1", "scope": "witness_or_composition", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "qualification": "Documentary papyrus", "is_default": 1 } ] } ], "selected_citations": [ { "id": "ariovistus-core", "work": "Caesar, Bellum Gallicum", "locus": "1.44.5", "speaker": "Ariovistus", "evidence_role": "Represented diplomatic speech", "source_link": { "url": "https://dcc.dickinson.edu/caesar/book-1/chapter-1-44", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." } }, { "id": "caesar-custom", "work": "Caesar, Bellum Gallicum", "locus": "1.43.4; 1.43.5; 1.43.6; 1.43.7; 1.43.8", "speaker": "Caesar", "evidence_role": "Represented diplomatic speech", "source_link": { "url": "https://dcc.dickinson.edu/caesar/book-1/chapter-1-43", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." } }, { "id": "appius", "work": "Cicero, Epistulae ad familiares", "locus": "3.10.9", "speaker": "Cicero", "evidence_role": "Transmitted personal letter excerpt", "source_link": { "url": "https://latin.packhum.org/loc/474/56/39/2444-2447%2C5248-5251%401", "kind": "passage_context", "verification": "Registered source reference; current remote availability not certified." } }, { "id": "caecilius", "work": "Cicero, Divinatio in Q. Caecilium", "locus": "66", "speaker": "Cicero", "evidence_role": "Forensic advocacy and historical exemplum", "source_link": null }, { "id": "provincial-law", "work": "Lex de provinciis praetoriis, Cnidos copy", "locus": "Cnidos column IV, lines 20–24", "speaker": "Roman legislative authority (documentary prescription)", "evidence_role": "Preserved Greek public text in a modern edition", "source_link": null }, { "id": "aphrodisias", "work": "Senatus consultum for Plarasa and Aphrodisias", "locus": "Greek lines 58–60", "speaker": "Roman Senate (documentary settlement)", "evidence_role": "Preserved Greek public text in a modern edition", "source_link": null }, { "id": "rhodes-war", "work": "Josephus, Bellum Iudaicum", "locus": "1.390; 1.391; 1.392; 1.393", "speaker": "Herod; Octavian/Caesar; Josephus (narrator)", "evidence_role": "Narrated represented exchange and decree notice", "source_link": null }, { "id": "rhodes-antiquities", "work": "Josephus, Antiquitates Iudaicae", "locus": "15.196; 15.197", "speaker": "Josephus (narrator)", "evidence_role": "Narrated represented exchange and decree notice", "source_link": null }, { "id": "rg-26", "work": "Augustus, Res Gestae", "locus": "26.4 Latin; 26.4 Greek", "speaker": "Augustus", "evidence_role": "Imperial retrospective self-report in a bilingual edition", "source_link": null }, { "id": "rg-32", "work": "Augustus, Res Gestae", "locus": "32.2; 32.3", "speaker": "Augustus", "evidence_role": "Imperial retrospective self-report in a bilingual edition", "source_link": null }, { "id": "herod-threat", "work": "Josephus, Antiquitates Iudaicae", "locus": "16.290", "speaker": "Josephus (narrator); Augustus (reported letter)", "evidence_role": "Narrated report of communication and reassessment", "source_link": null }, { "id": "herod-repair", "work": "Josephus, Antiquitates Iudaicae", "locus": "16.351; 16.352", "speaker": "Josephus (narrator); Augustus (reported speech)", "evidence_role": "Narrated report of communication and reassessment", "source_link": null }, { "id": "adherbal-appeal", "work": "Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum", "locus": "24.2; 24.3", "speaker": "Adherbal (letter as represented by Sallust)", "evidence_role": "Literary representation of a royal letter", "source_link": null }, { "id": "adherbal-response", "work": "Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum", "locus": "25.1; 25.2; 25.3", "speaker": "Sallust (narrator)", "evidence_role": "Narrator account of decision and response", "source_link": null }, { "id": "bocchus-offer", "work": "Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum", "locus": "102.5; 102.6; 102.7; 102.8; 102.9; 102.10; 102.11", "speaker": "Sulla", "evidence_role": "Represented diplomatic offer and conditional bargain", "source_link": null }, { "id": "bocchus-condition", "work": "Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum", "locus": "111.1; 111.2; 111.3; 111.4", "speaker": "Sallust (narrator); Sulla (reported proposal); Bocchus (reported objections)", "evidence_role": "Represented diplomatic offer and conditional bargain", "source_link": null }, { "id": "lepcis-protection", "work": "Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum", "locus": "77.1; 77.2; 77.3; 77.4", "speaker": "Sallust (narrator); Lepcitan envoys (reported petition)", "evidence_role": "Narrator account of decision and response", "source_link": null }, { "id": "livy-protection", "work": "Livy, Ab urbe condita", "locus": "43.5.5; 43.5.6; 43.5.7", "speaker": "Roman Senate (response as reported by Livy); Livy (narrator)", "evidence_role": "Narrator account of decision and response", "source_link": null }, { "id": "agrippa-petition", "work": "Josephus, Antiquitates Iudaicae", "locus": "16.58; 16.59; 16.60", "speaker": "Josephus (narrator); Agrippa (reported answer); Greek opponents (reported excuse); Jewish petitioners (reported reply)", "evidence_role": "Narrated petition and represented advocacy", "source_link": null }, { "id": "nicolaus-preservation", "work": "Josephus, Antiquitates Iudaicae", "locus": "16.49", "speaker": "Nicolaus", "evidence_role": "Narrated petition and represented advocacy", "source_link": null } ], "research_questions": [ { "id": "case-caesar-competing-interests", "title": "Ariovistus and the Aedui: competing protected interests", "question": "Whose existing advantages does each speaker seek to preserve, and which different grounds make them eligible for Roman support?", "citation_ids": [ "caesar-custom", "ariovistus-core" ] }, { "id": "case-adherbal-appeal-failure", "title": "Adherbal: invoked status, obstructed military aid and unsuccessful embassy", "question": "How does literary narrative distinguish the grounds of a protective appeal from political decisions about its response?", "citation_ids": [ "adherbal-appeal", "adherbal-response" ] }, { "id": "case-bocchus-conditional-bargain", "title": "Bocchus: persuasive benefit and coerced conditional rewards", "question": "How are professed reciprocal benefits made conditional on a service and qualified by other obligations?", "citation_ids": [ "bocchus-offer", "bocchus-condition" ] }, { "id": "case-lepcis-specified-help", "title": "Lepcis: prior friendship and specified protective assistance", "question": "Which narrated grounds accompany the successful dispatch of particular protective means?", "citation_ids": [ "lepcis-protection" ] }, { "id": "case-livy-procedural-control", "title": "Cincibillus and neighbouring peoples: procedural satisfaction without established Roman friend status", "question": "How does a Roman response frame investigation and satisfaction when the selected account does not establish the claimants’ public friendship status?", "citation_ids": [ "livy-protection" ] } ] }