[
  {
    "id": "hurst2010",
    "title": "H. Hurst (2010), Understanding Carthage as a Roman Port",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "rights": "Local consultation only; republication permission unresolved",
    "annotation": "Essential for separating the late Punic naval arsenal from Roman harbour reuse. Discusses shoreline change and alternatives to an exclusively state-controlled Roman port. Its plans and reconstructions are arguments, not a survey of present visible fabric.",
    "inspected": " (printed pp. 53, 55–56, 65); Fig. 5 visually checked",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "kaufman2016",
    "title": "B. Kaufman et al. (2016), Ferrous metallurgy from the Bir Massouda metallurgical precinct",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "rights": "Local consultation only; republication permission unresolved",
    "annotation": "Material analyses of metallurgical residues connect activity to excavated contexts. Useful against the temptation to identify workshops from a visitor photograph alone. The location of samples and trenches must remain separate from the modern site outline.",
    "inspected": " (JAS 71, pp. 33–35); Fig. 1 visually checked",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "docter2009",
    "title": "R. F. Docter (2009), Carthage and its Hinterland",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "rights": "Local consultation only; republication permission unresolved",
    "annotation": "Places urban evidence within food supply and hinterland questions. Its explicitly preliminary conventional Punic period table and radiocarbon caution show why competing chronological schemes need named sources.",
    "inspected": "; printed pp. 179–181; period table p. 180 and note 12",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "hoyos2021",
    "title": "D. Hoyos (2021), Carthage: A Biography",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "rights": "Local consultation only; republication permission unresolved",
    "annotation": "A broad historical orientation, used here for the Byrsa transformation and the Tophet debate. Synthesis cannot replace excavation records for individual walls or deposits.",
    "inspected": "; targeted historical readings, not the whole book",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "kelsey1979",
    "title": "Kelsey Museum (1979), Carthage Then and Now",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "rights": "Local consultation only; republication permission unresolved",
    "annotation": "An exhibition document on the Save Carthage campaign and changing excavation practice. Valuable evidence of the history of investigation; its interpretations and eighth-century origin should not silently replace later research.",
    "inspected": "; exhibition dates and opening campaign account",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "lezine1968",
    "title": "A. Lézine (1968), Carthage–Utique: études d’architecture et d’urbanisme",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "rights": "Local consultation only; republication permission unresolved",
    "annotation": "Architectural study of the Antonine Baths, including an explicit warning about incomplete plans, service-floor circulation, Room 18 deposits and competing collapse interpretations. Heights are local historical measurements, not current surveyed GIS elevations.",
    "inspected": "; printed pp. 3, 5–6, 70–73; Room 18 record p. 70 visually checked",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "mills2013",
    "title": "P. Mills (2013), The Ancient Mediterranean Trade in Ceramic Building Materials",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "rights": "Local consultation only; republication permission unresolved",
    "annotation": "Separates BM00S1 basilica from BM00S2 sondages, primary collapse from redeposition and context analysis from phase grouping. Table 1.3 is reproduced as a named legacy scheme, retaining its overlapping bands. No photograph-level fabric provenance is inferred.",
    "inspected": "; printed pp. 11–12, 16–17; Table 1.3 visually checked",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "khader",
    "title": "A. Ben Abed Ben Khader and D. Soren, eds. (1987), Carthage: A Mosaic of Ancient Tunisia",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "rights": "Local consultation only; republication permission unresolved",
    "annotation": "The supplied filename begins 1964, but the title and copyright pages establish the first American edition of 1987. Bibliographic correction only; the entire object catalogue has not been assessed.",
    "inspected": "; copyright page visually checked; first American edition 1987",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "potthoff2017",
    "title": "S. E. Potthoff (2017), The Afterlife in Early Christian Carthage",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "rights": "Local consultation only; republication permission unresolved",
    "annotation": "Examines burial ad sanctos, Damous el Karita construction stages and alternative readings of its subterranean rotunda. Named saints and building functions remain interpretations tied to evidence.",
    "inspected": "; printed pp. 174–176; targeted inspection",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "unesco",
    "title": "UNESCO, Archaeological Site of Carthage",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/37/",
    "annotation": "Official orientation to dispersed components and urban pressure. The English synthesis contains an erroneous “146 AD”; its opening description correctly gives 146 BC. Dido is treated as tradition, not a demonstrated founder.",
    "inspected": "Opening description; Outstanding Universal Value: components and integrity; source-date conflict audited",
    "rights": "Link and short original summary only; image reuse not assessed",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "didon",
    "title": "DAI / INP, Karthago – Quartier Didon",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "url": "https://www.dainst.org/forschung/projekte/karthago-quartier-didon/2626",
    "annotation": "Project documentation distinguishes original masonry from a reconstructed corner. Its research section supports a sequence from early settlement through Roman construction to a Byzantine rotunda. Detailed reconstruction remains limited.",
    "inspected": "Research section; captions for reconstructed corner and original fabric",
    "rights": "Link and short original summary only; image reuse not assessed",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "baths",
    "title": "AMVPPC, Antonine Baths",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "url": "https://www.patrimoinedetunisie.com.tn/en/monuments/the-antoninian-baths/overview/",
    "annotation": "Official account of construction, surviving service level, damage and later use. Exact abandonment is unknown; do not assign a universal end date to every room.",
    "inspected": "Overview section",
    "rights": "Link and short original summary only; image reuse not assessed",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "villas",
    "title": "AMVPPC, Roman Villas",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "url": "https://www.patrimoinedetunisie.com.tn/en/monuments/the-park-of-the-roman-villas/overview/",
    "annotation": "Official account of a Punic burial area, Roman grid and later residential development. Whole-district chronology does not date every visible mosaic.",
    "inspected": "Overview section",
    "rights": "Link and short original summary only; image reuse not assessed",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "magon",
    "title": "AMVPPC, Magon Quarter",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "url": "https://www.patrimoinedetunisie.com.tn/en/monuments/the-magon-quarter/overview/",
    "annotation": "Official account of domestic redevelopment and land reclamation. The modern district name does not establish occupation by a particular ruler.",
    "inspected": "Overview section",
    "rights": "Link and short original summary only; image reuse not assessed",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "theatre",
    "title": "AMVPPC, Roman Theatre",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "url": "https://www.patrimoinedetunisie.com.tn/en/monuments/the-roman-theatre-of-carthage/overview/",
    "annotation": "The agency explicitly describes limited ancient survivals and modern adaptation for performances. Present seating cannot be treated wholesale as Roman fabric.",
    "inspected": "Overview section",
    "rights": "Link and short original summary only; image reuse not assessed",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "tophetagency",
    "title": "AMVPPC, Tophet",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "url": "https://www.patrimoinedetunisie.com.tn/en/monuments/tophet-of-carthage/overview/",
    "annotation": "Official site and media links. The overview is sparse; it is not used to settle the sacrificial interpretation.",
    "inspected": "Overview section",
    "rights": "Link and short original summary only; image reuse not assessed",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "rakob2026",
    "title": "iDAI, Die deutschen Ausgrabungen in Karthago, Volume 1",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "url": "https://publications.dainst.org/books/dai/catalog/book/2241",
    "annotation": "Digitized volume and chapter-level research leads, including plans, Roman phases and the archaeological park. The landing page lists January 13, 2026; this does not date the original excavations. Full chapters were not ingested.",
    "inspected": "Synopsis and chapter list; landing page only",
    "rights": "Link and short original summary only; image reuse not assessed",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "smith2013",
    "title": "P. Smith et al. (2013), Age estimations attest to infant sacrifice",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "url": "https://antiquity.ac.uk/projgall/smith338",
    "annotation": "A published interpretation favouring sacrifice. Linked alongside a published methodological challenge, without declaring the debate closed.",
    "inspected": "Publisher supplementary-material page and bibliographic information",
    "rights": "Link and short original summary only; image reuse not assessed",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "schwartz2017",
    "title": "J. H. Schwartz et al. (2017), Two tales of one city",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/two-tales-of-one-city-data-inference-and-carthaginian-infant-sacrifice/5006E240CB75A1E324B3230F6DA17389",
    "annotation": "Challenges age estimation and inference that all interments resulted from sacrifice. Distinguishes cremated remains from an inference about the cause of death.",
    "inspected": "Abstract and methodological response; source checked",
    "rights": "Link and short original summary only; image reuse not assessed",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "recogito",
    "title": "Pelagios, Recogito tutorial",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "url": "https://www.recogito.pelagios.org/help/tutorial",
    "annotation": "Design precedent for region selection, document/place links, collaborative interpretation and export. This build implements its own local annotation service.",
    "inspected": "Image selection and collaboration tutorial",
    "rights": "Link and short original summary only; image reuse not assessed",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "forum",
    "title": "UCLA, Digital Roman Forum",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "url": "https://sandbox.oarc.ucla.edu/digital-roman-forum",
    "annotation": "Design precedent for accompanying a dated 3D visualization with evidence, theory and monument histories. Public project description verified; legacy model availability is not assumed.",
    "inspected": "Project purposes and notional date",
    "rights": "Link and short original summary only; image reuse not assessed",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "peripleo",
    "title": "British Library, Peripleo",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "url": "https://britishlibrary.github.io/locating-a-national-collection/Peripleo.html",
    "annotation": "Design precedent for moving between a map and geographically linked collections.",
    "inspected": "Project description",
    "rights": "Link and short original summary only; image reuse not assessed",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "charter",
    "title": "London Charter, Principles",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "url": "https://londoncharter.org/principles.html",
    "annotation": "Research sources, documentation, sustainability and access guide reconstruction labels and provenance.",
    "inspected": "Principles 2–6",
    "rights": "Link and short original summary only; image reuse not assessed",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "annotation",
    "title": "W3C, Web Annotation Data Model",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "url": "https://www.w3.org/TR/annotation-model/",
    "annotation": "Basis for exported image targets, bodies and pixel-region selectors. Custom review metadata is retained separately.",
    "inspected": "SpecificResource, FragmentSelector and TextualBody",
    "rights": "Link and short original summary only; image reuse not assessed",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "iiif",
    "title": "IIIF, Open/Web Annotation Extensions",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "url": "https://iiif.io/api/annex/openannotation/",
    "annotation": "Interoperability roadmap. This release exports Web Annotations; it does not claim to run an IIIF image server.",
    "inspected": "Selectors",
    "rights": "Link and short original summary only; image reuse not assessed",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "osm",
    "title": "OpenStreetMap contributors, Carthage extract",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "url": "https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright",
    "annotation": "Present cartographic context and mapped site extents, downloaded on 2026-10-01. Shapes are community-mapped extents, not surveyed ancient building plans.",
    "inspected": "OSM API 0.6 extracts; element IDs stored in GeoJSON",
    "rights": "Open Database License (ODbL); attribution required",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "efrbyrsa",
    "title": "École française de Rome, Colline de Byrsa",
    "url": "https://www.efrome.it/en/la-recherche/archeologie/carthage-tunisie",
    "inspected": "Research account and bibliography; excavation campaign 1974–1991",
    "annotation": "Institutional account of archaic burials, workshops, Punic housing and Roman monumental redevelopment. Its 1846 cathedral date conflicts with Hoyos’s late-nineteenth-century account; that construction date is not adopted.",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Linked primary resource and original summary; no remote plates or models copied"
  },
  {
    "id": "massoudaproject",
    "title": "R. Docter / White–Levy programme, Bir Massouda excavation project",
    "url": "https://whitelevy.fas.harvard.edu/bir-massouda-excavations-carthage-dermech",
    "inspected": "Project account and composite image caption, especially Trench 2",
    "annotation": "Provides a published floor-over-cistern relation and identifies earlier investigations. Its statement of continuous occupation is a project synthesis, not proof that every trench or building was continuously used.",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Linked primary resource and original summary; no remote plates or models copied"
  },
  {
    "id": "amphagency",
    "title": "AMVPPC, Amphitheatre of Carthage",
    "url": "https://www.patrimoinedetunisie.com.tn/en/monuments/the-amphitheatre-of-carthage/overview/",
    "inspected": "Overview: construction phases, reoccupation and modern commemoration",
    "annotation": "Supports separate construction, reuse and commemorative stages. Its architectural dating differs from the earlier Augustan foundation proposed in Hoyos; both readings are identified.",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Linked primary resource and original summary; no remote plates or models copied"
  },
  {
    "id": "harden1937",
    "title": "D. B. Harden (1937), The Pottery from the Precinct of Tanit at Salammbo, Carthage",
    "url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/iraq/article/abs/pottery-from-the-precinct-of-tanit-at-salammbo-carthage1/0414218C9F4727CFAC6888744189B752",
    "inspected": "Publisher extract, bibliographic record and footnotes; full article not accessed",
    "annotation": "IRAQ 4.1, pp. 59–89; DOI 10.2307/4241606. The 2016 online date is digitization, not original publication. Only the accessible extract supports the broad urn-series account.",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Linked primary resource and original summary; no remote plates or models copied"
  },
  {
    "id": "harrismatrix",
    "title": "Edward C. Harris, The Harris Matrix",
    "url": "https://harrismatrix.com/about-the-matrix/",
    "inspected": "About the Matrix: sections, surfaces and sequence",
    "annotation": "A profile and a stratigraphic sequence answer different questions. A digital diagram cannot recover unrecorded relations merely from an exposed view.",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Linked primary resource and original summary; no remote plates or models copied"
  },
  {
    "id": "hematrix",
    "title": "K. May, J. Taylor and C. Binding, The Matrix: Using Archaeological Stratigraphic Data",
    "url": "https://historicengland.org.uk/whats-new/research/back-issues/the-matrix-using-archaeological-stratigraphic-data/",
    "inspected": "Key outcomes 1–4; transparency, deposit models and Bayesian chronology",
    "annotation": "Methodological precedent for archiving raw relations separately from interpretation and testing chronological consistency.",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Linked primary resource and original summary; no remote plates or models copied"
  },
  {
    "id": "hephotogrammetry",
    "title": "Historic England (2017), Photogrammetric Applications for Cultural Heritage",
    "url": "https://historicengland.org.uk/images-books/publications/photogrammetric-applications-for-cultural-heritage/",
    "inspected": "Guidance description and contents; accompanying PDF summary",
    "annotation": "Supports a controlled acquisition and processing workflow for present-condition models. A model records visible surfaces, not the complete buried history.",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Linked primary resource and original summary; no remote plates or models copied"
  },
  {
    "id": "oh3d",
    "title": "Open Heritage 3D, dataset qkhk-s475 (identity conflict)",
    "url": "https://openheritage3d.org/project.php?id=qkhk-s475",
    "inspected": "Dataset attributes, dates, license and georeferencing rating; viewer navigation timed out",
    "annotation": "Title says Amphitheatre; description says Theater and refers to modern festivals. Listed as terrestrial LiDAR, collected 2012, published 2020, CC BY-NC-SA, without georeferencing. Identity and viewer operation remain unresolved; no model was downloaded or attached to a GIS site.",
    "type": "online-resource",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Linked primary resource and original summary; no remote plates or models copied"
  },
  {
    "id": "photoaudit",
    "title": "Supplied photographs: image screening and subject audit",
    "type": "project-observation",
    "url": "/carthage/data/image-audit.json",
    "inspected": "All six contact sheets (264 photographs); full-resolution readings of IMG_1987, IMG_3951, IMG_4021 and IMG_4029 in this extension",
    "annotation": "Screening is not feature identification. Camera-area suggestions, depicted objects and visible materials are separate fields. No phase is assigned from appearance.",
    "rights": "User-supplied for local study; public release permission unresolved",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "na-stone",
    "work": "na-hitchner",
    "title": "David L. Stone (2022), Archaeology, in R. Bruce Hitchner (ed.), A Companion to North Africa in Antiquity",
    "locator": "Printed pp. 9–11; ",
    "annotation": "Excavation and survey histories, colonial selection, Tunisian scholarship and question-led fieldwork.",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "inspected": "Printed pp. 9–11; ",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Public republication rights for this work and its illustrations have not been established.",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site.",
    "locator_status": "Published page locator supplied in the recorded citation; verification and reuse limits remain separate."
  },
  {
    "id": "na-mattingly",
    "work": "na-hitchner",
    "title": "David J. Mattingly (2022), Beyond Barbarians: The Garamantes of the Libyan Sahara, in Hitchner (ed.)",
    "locator": "Printed pp. 64–67; ",
    "annotation": "Garamantian archaeology, environmental constraints and region-specific periodization; classical stereotypes require empirical checks.",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "inspected": "Printed pp. 64–67; ",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Public republication rights for this work and its illustrations have not been established.",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site.",
    "locator_status": "Published page locator supplied in the recorded citation; verification and reuse limits remain separate."
  },
  {
    "id": "na-dufton",
    "work": "na-hitchner",
    "title": "J. Andrew Dufton and Elizabeth Fentress (2022), Roman North African Urbanism, in Hitchner (ed.)",
    "locator": "Printed pp. 175–178; ",
    "annotation": "Different urban trajectories; civic legal categories do not by themselves define spatially segregated populations.",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "inspected": "Printed pp. 175–178; ",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Public republication rights for this work and its illustrations have not been established.",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site.",
    "locator_status": "Published page locator supplied in the recorded citation; verification and reuse limits remain separate."
  },
  {
    "id": "na-fenwick",
    "work": "na-hitchner",
    "title": "Corisande Fenwick (2022), The Arab Conquests and the End of Ancient Africa?, in Hitchner (ed.)",
    "locator": "Printed pp. 428–430; ",
    "annotation": "Contrasting urban continuities and transformations. This chapter is an interpretive synthesis, not a common destruction horizon.",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "inspected": "Printed pp. 428–430; ",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Public republication rights for this work and its illustrations have not been established.",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site.",
    "locator_status": "Published page locator supplied in the recorded citation; verification and reuse limits remain separate."
  },
  {
    "id": "na-effros",
    "work": "na-effros",
    "title": "Bonnie Effros (2018), Incidental Archaeologists: French Officers and the Rediscovery of Roman North Africa",
    "locator": "Introduction, printed pp. 4–6; ",
    "annotation": "Military and imperial conditions of archaeological knowledge; evaluate recording practices without automatically rejecting every find.",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "inspected": "Introduction, printed pp. 4–6; ",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Public republication rights for this work and its illustrations have not been established.",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site.",
    "locator_status": "Published page locator supplied in the recorded citation; verification and reuse limits remain separate."
  },
  {
    "id": "na-wilson",
    "work": "na-wilson",
    "title": "Andrew Wilson (2002), Urban Production in the Roman World: The View from North Africa, Papers of the British School at Rome 70, 231–273",
    "locator": "Printed pp. 250–251, 254–255; ",
    "annotation": "Surface waste, selective excavation and prospection at Leptiminus, Meninx, Thamusida and Lepcis; visibility bias remains explicit.",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "inspected": "Printed pp. 250–251, 254–255; ",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Public republication rights for this work and its illustrations have not been established.",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site.",
    "locator_status": "Published page locator supplied in the recorded citation; verification and reuse limits remain separate."
  },
  {
    "id": "na-delile",
    "work": "na-delile",
    "title": "Hugo Delile et al. (2015), The Geoarchaeology of Utica, Tunisia: The Paleogeography of the Mejerda Delta and Hypotheses Concerning the Location of the Ancient Harbor, Geoarchaeology 30, 291–306",
    "locator": "Printed pp. 291–292, 302, 304; ; Figure 7 visually inspected",
    "annotation": "GIS, coring, sedimentology and radiocarbon constrain alternative harbour locations. Figure maps are models, not measured excavation footprints.",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "inspected": "Printed pp. 291–292, 302, 304; ; Figure 7 visually inspected",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Public republication rights for this work and its illustrations have not been established.",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site.",
    "locator_status": "Published page locator supplied in the recorded citation; verification and reuse limits remain separate."
  },
  {
    "id": "na-lecle",
    "work": "na-lecle",
    "title": "François Leclère (2014), Tell Dafana: Identity, Exploration and Monuments, in F. Leclère and J. Spencer, Tell Dafana Reconsidered",
    "locator": "Printed pp. 1–3; ; Figure 1 visually inspected",
    "annotation": "Modern landscape change, place-name witnesses and explicitly incomplete identification of ancient names.",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "inspected": "Printed pp. 1–3; ; Figure 1 visually inspected",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Public republication rights for this work and its illustrations have not been established.",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site.",
    "locator_status": "Published page locator supplied in the recorded citation; verification and reuse limits remain separate."
  },
  {
    "id": "na-abdelwahed",
    "work": "na-abdelwahed",
    "title": "Youssri Abdelwahed (2015), Egyptian Cultural Identity in the Architecture of Roman Egypt",
    "locator": "Introduction, printed p. 4; ",
    "annotation": "Architecture, nomenclature, legal categories and ethnicity have different evidential scopes; cited earlier scholarship is mediated through this author.",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "inspected": "Introduction, printed p. 4; ",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Public republication rights for this work and its illustrations have not been established.",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site.",
    "locator_status": "Published page locator supplied in the recorded citation; verification and reuse limits remain separate."
  },
  {
    "id": "na-sidebotham",
    "work": "na-sidebotham",
    "title": "Steven E. Sidebotham, Martin Hense and Hendrikje M. Nouwens (2008), The Red Land: The Illustrated Archaeology of Egypt’s Eastern Desert",
    "locator": "Printed pp. 139, 143, 155, 159; ; p. 159 visually inspected",
    "annotation": "Selected sanctuary, port and exploration passages. Figure 7.8 on p. 159 depicts Myos Hormos, not Berenike; the Berenike prose below is kept separate.",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "inspected": "Printed pp. 139, 143, 155, 159; ; p. 159 visually inspected",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Public republication rights for this work and its illustrations have not been established.",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site.",
    "locator_status": "Published page locator supplied in the recorded citation; verification and reuse limits remain separate."
  },
  {
    "id": "na-villas2018",
    "work": "na-villas2018",
    "title": "R. J. A. Wilson (2018), Roman Villas in North Africa, in A. Marzano and G. P. R. Métraux (eds.), The Roman Villa in the Mediterranean Basin, 266–307",
    "locator": "Printed pp. 266–268, 283–284, 298; ; Figure 16.13 visually inspected",
    "annotation": "Rural definitions, evidence categories, Sidi Ghrib and regional variation. R. J. A. Wilson is distinct from Andrew Wilson, author of the 2002 production article; the two locally supplied chapter copies have different byte hashes.",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "inspected": "Printed pp. 266–268, 283–284, 298; ; Figure 16.13 visually inspected",
    "accessed": "2026-10-02",
    "rights": "Public republication rights for this work and its illustrations have not been established.",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site.",
    "locator_status": "Published page locator supplied in the recorded citation; verification and reuse limits remain separate."
  },
  {
    "id": "pleiades-gis",
    "title": "Pleiades contributors, Pleiades Data for GIS",
    "url": "https://atlantides.org/downloads/pleiades/gis/",
    "access": "Technical documentation and downloaded CSV records inspected",
    "inspected": "places.csv, places_accuracy.csv; representative-point and positional-accuracy definitions",
    "annotation": "WGS84 gazetteer reference points; source precision and constituent accuracy must not be interpreted as survey certification.",
    "rights": "CC BY 3.0; attribution to Pleiades and its individual contributors; selected records retain provenance and identifiers",
    "type": "online-control",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "natural-earth",
    "title": "Natural Earth contributors, 1:50 million physical geography",
    "url": "https://www.naturalearthdata.com/about/terms-of-use/",
    "access": "Terms read; official maintainer GeoJSON downloaded",
    "inspected": "Public-domain terms; 50m land, coastline and rivers; region clipped with Shapely",
    "annotation": "Generalized present-day physical context, not reconstructed ancient coastlines.",
    "rights": "Public domain; Made with Natural Earth; maintainer repository: https://github.com/nvkelso/natural-earth-vector",
    "type": "online-control",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01"
  },
  {
    "id": "na-volubilis",
    "title": "UNESCO, Archaeological Site of Volubilis",
    "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/836/",
    "access": "Institutional site account read",
    "inspected": "Description and Outstanding Universal Value",
    "annotation": "Urban form and multiple periods, read critically beside Fenwick’s regional synthesis.",
    "type": "online-control",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original short analysis and source link; no remote media republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "na-tipasa",
    "title": "UNESCO, Tipasa",
    "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/193/",
    "access": "Opening institutional description read",
    "inspected": "Opening English description",
    "annotation": "Overview of Punic, Roman and later remains; no context-level stratigraphic register inspected.",
    "type": "online-control",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original short analysis and source link; no remote media republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "na-djemila",
    "title": "UNESCO, Djémila",
    "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/191/",
    "access": "Institutional site account read",
    "inspected": "Description; Outstanding Universal Value: brief synthesis and criteria",
    "annotation": "Topographic constraints, expansion and religious buildings; no building phasing imported.",
    "type": "online-control",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original short analysis and source link; no remote media republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "na-timgad",
    "title": "UNESCO, Timgad",
    "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/194/",
    "access": "Institutional site account read",
    "inspected": "Outstanding Universal Value: brief synthesis and criteria",
    "annotation": "Planned foundation followed by expansion and reuse. Event-based collapse narrative is not applied across the region.",
    "type": "online-control",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original short analysis and source link; no remote media republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "na-kerkouane",
    "title": "UNESCO, Punic Town of Kerkuane and its Necropolis",
    "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/332/",
    "access": "Institutional site account reread",
    "inspected": "Description; Outstanding Universal Value; integrity and protection",
    "annotation": "Visible Punic remains and absence of Roman rebuilding help control preservation comparisons; modern conservation still matters.",
    "type": "online-control",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original short analysis and source link; no remote media republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "na-lepcis",
    "title": "UNESCO, Archaeological Site of Leptis Magna",
    "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/183/",
    "access": "Institutional site account read",
    "inspected": "Description; Outstanding Universal Value; authenticity",
    "annotation": "Urban enlargement, infrastructure and modern consolidation; interpret beside manufacturing and later occupation evidence.",
    "type": "online-control",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original short analysis and source link; no remote media republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "na-sabratha",
    "title": "UNESCO, Archaeological Site of Sabratha",
    "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/184/",
    "access": "Institutional site account read",
    "inspected": "Description; Outstanding Universal Value: brief synthesis",
    "annotation": "Earlier traces under Roman fabric, urban expansion and later reduced enclosure.",
    "type": "online-control",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original short analysis and source link; no remote media republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "na-cyrene",
    "title": "UNESCO, Archaeological Site of Cyrene",
    "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/190/",
    "access": "Opening institutional description read",
    "inspected": "Opening English description",
    "annotation": "Greek foundation and Roman-period development. The summary’s 365 earthquake reference is not proof of universal abandonment.",
    "type": "online-control",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original short analysis and source link; no remote media republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "na-memphis",
    "title": "UNESCO, Memphis and its Necropolis",
    "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/86/",
    "access": "Institutional site account read",
    "inspected": "Outstanding Universal Value: brief synthesis",
    "annotation": "Capital, settlement and dispersed funerary ensembles; city point is not the serial heritage boundary.",
    "type": "online-control",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original short analysis and source link; no remote media republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "na-thebes",
    "title": "UNESCO, Ancient Thebes with its Necropolis",
    "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/87/",
    "access": "Institutional site account read",
    "inspected": "Outstanding Universal Value: brief synthesis and components",
    "annotation": "East-bank and west-bank components; one city point cannot represent each temple or cemetery.",
    "type": "online-control",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original short analysis and source link; no remote media republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "na-nubia",
    "title": "UNESCO, Nubian Monuments from Abu Simbel to Philae",
    "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/88/",
    "access": "Institutional site account read",
    "inspected": "Outstanding Universal Value: component relocation and authenticity",
    "annotation": "Conservation comparison only, not a mapped Sudan or Nubia survey; original and relocated positions require separate records.",
    "type": "online-control",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original short analysis and source link; no remote media republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "na-berenike-project",
    "title": "Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology, Berenike 2011",
    "url": "https://pcma.uw.edu.pl/badania/sezon-po-sezonie/l2-6/",
    "access": "Indexed publisher excerpts only; direct page returned a CAPTCHA",
    "inspected": "Indexed port-geoarchaeology excerpt; no full report read",
    "annotation": "Research lead for auger transects and sediment analysis; no sample-level data imported.",
    "type": "online-control",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original short analysis and source link; no remote media republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "na-villas-publisher",
    "title": "Cambridge University Press, Roman Villas in North Africa: chapter metadata",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316687147.018",
    "access": "Publisher metadata read; chapter read from source edition",
    "inspected": "Author, editors, DOI, pp. 266–307, print year 2018 and online date 19 July 2018",
    "annotation": "Bibliographic identity verified separately; no online summary or full text claimed.",
    "type": "online-control",
    "accessed": "2026-10-02",
    "rights": "Original short analysis and source link; no remote media republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "binford1981",
    "title": "L. R. Binford (1981), Behavioral Archaeology and the “Pompeii Premise”",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "inspected": "printed pp. 195–196, 202, 205",
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "annotation": "Debate about inferential goals and the archaeological record; mixed deposits remain researchable. Comparative theory, not Carthage field evidence.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Local study link; public redistribution permission not established",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "schiffer1985",
    "title": "M. B. Schiffer (1985), Is There a “Pompeii Premise” in Archaeology?",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "inspected": "printed pp. 18–20",
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "annotation": "Reply to Binford: household floor assemblages require formation-process analysis. Southwestern examples are not a Carthaginian deposition model.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Local study link; public redistribution permission not established",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "hodder2004",
    "title": "I. Hodder and S. Hutson (2003), Reading the Past, third edition",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "inspected": "Copyright / ; printed pp. 156–157",
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "annotation": "Meaning, agency and history; contextual interpretation. Filename says 2004, but the inspected copyright page records first print publication in 2003.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Local study link; public redistribution permission not established",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "lucas2005",
    "title": "G. Lucas (2005), The Archaeology of Time",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "inspected": "printed pp. 3–5",
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "annotation": "Relative sequences, periodization and calendrical dating; object manufacture and deposition dates must be distinguished.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Local study link; public redistribution permission not established",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "orton2000",
    "title": "C. Orton (2000), Sampling in Archaeology",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "inspected": "printed pp. 14–15",
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "annotation": "Purposive and random sampling, finite populations and model assumptions. A visitor photograph collection has no demonstrated probability sample design.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Local study link; public redistribution permission not established",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "lancaster2015",
    "title": "L. C. Lancaster (2015), Innovative Vaulting in the Architecture of the Roman Empire",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "inspected": "printed pp. 30–32; preface pp. xxiii–xxiv",
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "annotation": "Carthage scoria provenance, Leptiminus pumice and transport hypotheses. Printed p. 30 visually checked. Provenance analysis is stronger than visual resemblance; co-shipping remains a hypothesis.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Local study link; public redistribution permission not established",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "yegul2019",
    "title": "F. Yegül and D. Favro (2019), Roman Architecture and Urbanism: From the Origins to Late Antiquity",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "inspected": "printed pp. 487, 492, 546, 549",
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "annotation": "Bath platform and an explicitly reconstructed axonometric. The broad historical framing on p. 492 is critically flagged: its salt story is not adopted as archaeological evidence.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Local study link; public redistribution permission not established",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "rind2012",
    "title": "M. Rind (2009), Römische Villen in Nordafrika, BAR International Series 2012",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "inspected": "Title / ; Introduction /  (unnumbered)",
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "annotation": "Regional villa definition, economic and architectural diversity, and unequal documentation. Filename 2012 is the series number, not the publication year.  visually checked.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Local study link; public redistribution permission not established",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "nielsen1990",
    "title": "I. Nielsen (1990), Thermae et Balnea: The Architecture and Cultural History of Roman Public Baths, vol. I",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "inspected": "printed pp. 84–85",
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "annotation": "Historical bath synthesis with source-distribution caveats and private bathing at Kerkouane in p. 84 n. 1. Its generalizations about nomadism and Romanization are treated as historiography, not adopted. Printed p. 84 visually checked.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Local study link; public redistribution permission not established",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "koloski2015",
    "title": "A. O. Koloski-Ostrow (2015), The Archaeology of Sanitation in Roman Italy",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "inspected": "Preface p. xvii / ; printed p. 3",
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "annotation": "Combines structures, drainage connections, texts and inscriptions. Italy-based methodological comparison; no Carthage installation identification is transferred.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Local study link; public redistribution permission not established",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "kaiser2011",
    "title": "A. Kaiser (2011), Roman Urban Street Networks",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "inspected": "printed pp. 52–53",
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "annotation": "Defines access depth and questions theoretical assumptions of plan analysis. Useful analytic vocabulary; modern park routes are not ancient street networks.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Local study link; public redistribution permission not established",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "bente2018",
    "title": "K. Bente and C. Berthold (2018), Chaîne opératoire: A Link between Archaeology and Archaeometry",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "inspected": "printed pp. 42–43",
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "annotation": "Production processes, materials analysis, experimentation and falsifiable hypotheses. OCR is imperfect; terminology is summarized, not silently corrected into a quotation.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Local study link; public redistribution permission not established",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "dyson2006",
    "title": "S. L. Dyson (2006), In Pursuit of Ancient Pasts",
    "type": "publication",
    "url": null,
    "inspected": "printed pp. 60–61, 63",
    "access": "Targeted passages read",
    "annotation": "French colonial archaeological institutions, military identifications and Delattre’s Carthage work. A critical history of research, not grounds to discard every older observation.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Local study link; public redistribution permission not established",
    "public_access": "cited; not available from this site."
  },
  {
    "id": "hanoune2009",
    "title": "R. Hanoune (2009), La construction romaine en « opus Africanum » et ses renaissances",
    "url": "https://www.persee.fr/doc/acths_1764-7355_2009_act_131_3_1619",
    "inspected": "Full accessible opening page, printed p. 29; article pp. 29–39",
    "access": "Opening page read",
    "annotation": "Variable stone-chain-and-panel construction, modern terminology and rebuilt Dougga fabric. No date or ethnicity inferred from one photographed wall.",
    "type": "online-publication-or-record",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original summaries and links only; no publication plates republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "utica2024",
    "title": "J. L. López Castro, I. Ben Jerbania, A. Mederos Martín, V. Martínez Hahnmüller and A. Ferjaoui (2024), Greek Geometric Ceramics from Phoenician Utica",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009474825.013",
    "inspected": "Publisher Summary, chapter pp. 363–397; online 30 May 2024",
    "access": "Published summary read; full chapter not accessed",
    "annotation": "Assemblage sealing a named well, pottery provenance and NAA. Title uses Well 20017; summary uses 200017. Identifier discrepancy retained; radiocarbon ranges not simplified into a foundation year.",
    "type": "online-publication-or-record",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original summaries and links only; no publication plates republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "fazzan2013",
    "title": "D. J. Mattingly, ed. (2013), The Archaeology of Fazzān, vol. 4: Survey and Excavations at Old Jarma",
    "url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv2m7c4z0",
    "inspected": "Published book description and accessible chapter openings: ch. 4 pp. 117–134; ch. 21 pp. 615–662",
    "access": "Description and chapter openings read; tables not transcribed",
    "annotation": "Standing-building and buried sequences, AMS dating and concordance of context systems. Illustrates a publication architecture; no Jarma context is imported into Carthage.",
    "type": "online-publication-or-record",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original summaries and links only; no publication plates republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "marea2023",
    "title": "J. Nikolaus, K. Westley and C. Breen (2023), Endangered maritime archaeology in North Africa – the MarEA Project",
    "url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/libyan-studies/article/endangered-maritime-archaeology-in-north-africa-the-marea-project/37A94C07709BA316B0C8CF5182258DC5",
    "inspected": "Methods and Case Study 2: Shoreline change assessment, Sabratha, Libya; online 12 July 2023",
    "access": "Article sections read",
    "annotation": "Coastal condition monitoring and shoreline change. Modern image-series methods are not measurements of Punic coastlines.",
    "type": "online-publication-or-record",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original summaries and links only; no publication plates republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "libya2025",
    "title": "N. Sheldrick, A. Buzaian and A. M. A. Mahmoud (2025), Training, fieldwork and collaboration in a new remote sensing method for heritage monitoring in Libya",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/lis.2025.10028",
    "inspected": "Abstract; Training workshops and case studies; Training feedback and outcomes; Libyan Studies 56, pp. 117–127",
    "access": "Article sections read",
    "annotation": "Change detection tested by Libyan fieldwork; Arabic-language training and in-person expertise. Publisher date: 11 November 2025; field activities: 2023–2024.",
    "type": "online-publication-or-record",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original summaries and links only; no publication plates republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "mattingly2023",
    "title": "D. J. Mattingly (2023), Between Sahara and Sea: Africa in the Roman Empire",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.12308685",
    "inspected": "University of Michigan Press, Fall 2023 rights catalogue, : description and contents",
    "access": "Publisher description and contents only",
    "annotation": "Regional and social diversity, discrepant identities and African agency. A current reading priority, not a full-book evidential authority in this extension.",
    "evidence_url": "https://press.uchicago.edu/dam/jcr:937683b0-2661-4d44-9343-3601fe277f01/UMP_F23_International%20Rights%20Highlights.pdf",
    "type": "online-publication-or-record",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original summaries and links only; no publication plates republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "kerkouane",
    "title": "UNESCO, Punic Town of Kerkuane and its Necropolis",
    "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/332/",
    "inspected": "Description; Outstanding Universal Value; Integrity; Authenticity",
    "access": "Institutional site account read",
    "annotation": "Contrast in preservation and modern coastal protection. Heritage summary is not an excavation-context register; claims of unchanged appearance require qualification.",
    "type": "online-publication-or-record",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original summaries and links only; no publication plates republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "ridley1986",
    "title": "R. T. Ridley (1986), To be Taken with a Pinch of Salt: The Destruction of Carthage",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1086/366973",
    "inspected": "Publisher bibliographic record; Classical Philology 81.2, pp. 140–146",
    "access": "Bibliographic record only",
    "annotation": "Research lead for the salt-story audit, not full-text support. The reader withholds the salt claim rather than reconstructing an inaccessible argument.",
    "type": "online-publication-or-record",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original summaries and links only; no publication plates republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "cedac2022",
    "title": "INP (2022), CEDAC Carthage Bulletin 23, architectural discussion, pp. 44–45",
    "url": "https://www.inp2020.tn/cedac/CEDAC23.pdf",
    "inspected": "Search-index excerpts of figs. 5–9 and discussion on printed pp. 44–45",
    "access": "Indexed excerpts only; full PDF retrieval failed",
    "annotation": "Kerkouane / Byrsa plans and room-access graphs; upper walls and windows unresolved. Author and article title remain unverified; retained as a targeted follow-up, not attributed or used for a detailed claim.",
    "type": "online-publication-or-record",
    "accessed": "2026-10-01",
    "rights": "Original summaries and links only; no publication plates republished"
  },
  {
    "id": "toronto99",
    "citation": "Vitali, Vanda, and Ursula M. Franklin. “Conservation of the Punic Collection at the Museum of Carthage. Part I: Mapping the Collection: Methodology, Classification, and Assessment.” Journal of the Canadian Association for Conservation 24 (1999): 29-41.",
    "url": "https://www.cac-accr.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Vol24_doc4.pdf",
    "rights": "Copyright notice credits images © Vanda Vitali 1999; publisher reproduction by permission. No general reuse licence established.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "sha256": "5848ade119ab4a84e83d92e40e7517a24bcd3c8faba2a758a115c0048bf98ec8",
    "access": "Selected text passages and named figures inspected; not an exhaustive reading.",
    "title": "Vitali, Vanda, and Ursula M. Franklin. “Conservation of the Punic Collection at the Museum of Carthage. Part I: Mapping the Collection: Methodology, Classification, and Assessment.” Journal of the Canadian Association for Conservation 24 (1999): 29-41."
  },
  {
    "id": "toronto00",
    "citation": "Vitali, Vanda, and Ursula M. Franklin. “Conservation of the Punic Collection at the Museum of Carthage. Part II: Transfer of Conservation Technology: Establishment of a Salvage Conservation Laboratory.” Journal of the Canadian Association for Conservation 25 (2000): 37-41.",
    "url": "https://www.cac-accr.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Vol25_doc5.pdf",
    "rights": "Images © Vanda Vitali 2000; publisher reproduction by permission. No general reuse licence established.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "sha256": "07c8e8738b6371349f97a4ca7467397d4733edc5750509e0f9d106df50cdc12c",
    "access": "Selected text passages and named figures inspected; not an exhaustive reading.",
    "title": "Vitali, Vanda, and Ursula M. Franklin. “Conservation of the Punic Collection at the Museum of Carthage. Part II: Transfer of Conservation Technology: Establishment of a Salvage Conservation Laboratory.” Journal of the Canadian Association for Conservation 25 (2000): 37-41."
  },
  {
    "id": "toronto01",
    "citation": "Vitali, Vanda, Peter Gale, and Ursula M. Franklin. “Conservation of the Punic Collection at the Museum of Carthage. Part III: Transfer of Museological Technologies: Establishment of a Conservation-centred Didactic Gallery.” Journal of the Canadian Association for Conservation 26 (2001): 3-7.",
    "url": "https://www.cac-accr.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Vol26_doc1.pdf",
    "rights": "Images © Vanda Vitali 2001; publisher reproduction by permission. No general reuse licence established.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "sha256": "8fb7ad5654121fd9c864e5226ad595f97b5281dcb79a5602b04e5b1392657288",
    "access": "Selected text passages and named figures inspected; not an exhaustive reading.",
    "title": "Vitali, Vanda, Peter Gale, and Ursula M. Franklin. “Conservation of the Punic Collection at the Museum of Carthage. Part III: Transfer of Museological Technologies: Establishment of a Conservation-centred Didactic Gallery.” Journal of the Canadian Association for Conservation 26 (2001): 3-7."
  },
  {
    "id": "kourelis17",
    "citation": "Kourelis, Kostis. “Flights of Archaeology: Peschke’s Acrocorinth.” Hesperia 86, no. 4 (2017): 723-782.",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.2972/hesperia.86.4.0723",
    "rights": "Hesperia publication and underlying works have separate credits. No general reuse licence established.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "sha256": "40f4c9a95ee41317cd61ea48fe4b7b2f7d0455697d7a3a84a6bccff77f207acc",
    "access": "Selected text passages and named figures inspected; not an exhaustive reading.",
    "title": "Kourelis, Kostis. “Flights of Archaeology: Peschke’s Acrocorinth.” Hesperia 86, no. 4 (2017): 723-782."
  },
  {
    "id": "corinth24",
    "citation": "American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Corinth Excavations. ASCSA Excavations in Ancient Corinth: 2024 Report. 2024. Section “Excavations Northeast of the Theater.”",
    "url": "https://www.ascsa.edu.gr/uploads/media/Corinth_Report_2024_for_Web.pdf",
    "rights": "Official downloadable report; no general image reuse licence established.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "sha256": "add6cf6b2da7de423d4e5b8e433b85b6c507c355ce270690fe43d9df029e46b7",
    "access": "Selected text passages and named figures inspected; not an exhaustive reading.",
    "title": "American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Corinth Excavations. ASCSA Excavations in Ancient Corinth: 2024 Report. 2024. Section “Excavations Northeast of the Theater.”"
  },
  {
    "id": "corinth25",
    "citation": "American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Corinth Excavations. ASCSA Excavations in Ancient Corinth: 2025 Report. 2025. Section “Excavations Northeast of the Theater.”",
    "url": "https://www.ascsa.edu.gr/uploads/general/Corinth_Report_2025_for_Web.pdf",
    "rights": "Official downloadable report; no general image reuse licence established.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "sha256": "937f8d636c8035f45415ec8f7f5cea6d23ed1821f0326bae69c00b34c6db58d3",
    "access": "Selected text passages and named figures inspected; not an exhaustive reading.",
    "title": "American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Corinth Excavations. ASCSA Excavations in Ancient Corinth: 2025 Report. 2025. Section “Excavations Northeast of the Theater.”"
  },
  {
    "id": "corinth-manual",
    "citation": "Sanders, Guy D. R., Sarah A. James, and Alicia Carter Johnson. Corinth Excavations Archaeological Manual. Grand Forks: The Digital Press at the University of North Dakota, 2017.",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.31356/dpb009",
    "rights": "CC BY 4.0, as stated in the publication.",
    "access": "Targeted photographic recording instructions, printed pp. 41, 77, 93, 96; reviewed in the preceding paper audit.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "title": "Sanders, Guy D. R., Sarah A. James, and Alicia Carter Johnson. Corinth Excavations Archaeological Manual. Grand Forks: The Digital Press at the University of North Dakota, 2017."
  },
  {
    "id": "metis",
    "citation": "American School of Classical Studies at Athens. “About Metis: ASCSA Archaeological Database.” Accessed October 4, 2026.",
    "url": "https://www.ascsa.edu.gr/excavations/ancient-corinth/digital-corinth/about-metis-ascsa-archaeological-database",
    "rights": "Source link only; database reuse and individual image terms must be checked.",
    "access": "Official indexed description; no live database workflow tested.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "title": "American School of Classical Studies at Athens. “About Metis: ASCSA Archaeological Database.” Accessed October 4, 2026."
  },
  {
    "id": "agora23",
    "citation": "Papadopoulos, John K., and Debby Sneed, with contributors. Athenian Agora 2023: Preliminary Report. American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 2023.",
    "url": "https://www.agathe.gr/file?field=PDF&id=Agora%3AReport%3A2023+Excavations&path=%2FAgora%2FPDFs%2FReports%2F2023+Excavations.pdf",
    "rights": "Official downloadable report; no general image reuse licence established.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "sha256": "e66929ba35778d671f405fd125f84c47ff1710d411fd5fac617bb8148195dc6b",
    "access": "Selected text passages and named figures inspected; not an exhaustive reading.",
    "title": "Papadopoulos, John K., and Debby Sneed, with contributors. Athenian Agora 2023: Preliminary Report. American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 2023."
  },
  {
    "id": "agora-archive",
    "citation": "American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Agora Excavations. Agora Research. Accessed October 4, 2026.",
    "url": "https://www.agathe.gr/research",
    "rights": "Record and image terms require item-level checking.",
    "access": "Public research interface inspected; catalogue navigation, not exhaustive record audit.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "title": "American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Agora Excavations. Agora Research. Accessed October 4, 2026."
  },
  {
    "id": "forum15",
    "citation": "Gorski, Gilbert J., and James E. Packer. The Roman Forum: A Reconstruction and Architectural Guide. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015.",
    "url": "https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9781316055656_A24357586/preview-9781316055656_A24357586.pdf",
    "rights": "© Gorski and Packer 2015; figure-level credits retained. Publisher preview is not a reuse licence.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "sha256": "a6dc47f27ebf1ef6c3f74dde74e0d6644bceea8a0b0e14536e6ac4a160ca7f76",
    "access": "Selected text passages and named figures inspected; not an exhaustive reading.",
    "title": "Gorski, Gilbert J., and James E. Packer. The Roman Forum: A Reconstruction and Architectural Guide. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015."
  },
  {
    "id": "bulla",
    "citation": "Getty Conservation Institute. “Bulla Regia Model Conservation Project.” Accessed October 4, 2026.",
    "url": "https://www.getty.edu/projects/bulla-regia-model-conservation/",
    "rights": "Official project page; photographs remain source-linked.",
    "access": "Project outcomes and dated resource descriptions read; full 2024 report figures not visually inspected.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "title": "Getty Conservation Institute. “Bulla Regia Model Conservation Project.” Accessed October 4, 2026."
  },
  {
    "id": "bulla24",
    "citation": "Roby, Thomas, Leslie Friedman, Livia Alberti, Ermanno Carbonara, and Ascanio D’Andrea. Bulla Regia Mosaic Conservation Project: A Model Field Project of the MOSAIKON Initiative. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute, 2024.",
    "url": "https://www.getty.edu/publications-reports/item/2K7M07",
    "rights": "Open access designation does not by itself establish figure reuse permission.",
    "access": "Official bibliographic/project description; report interior not inspected in this sweep.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "title": "Roby, Thomas, Leslie Friedman, Livia Alberti, Ermanno Carbonara, and Ascanio D’Andrea. Bulla Regia Mosaic Conservation Project: A Model Field Project of the MOSAIKON Initiative. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute, 2024."
  },
  {
    "id": "herc19",
    "citation": "D’Andrea, A., A. Di Lillo, A. Laino, and P. M. Pesaresi. “Documenting Large Archaeological Sites, Managing Data, Planning Conservation and Maintenance: The Herculaneum Conservation Project Experience.” International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W15 (2019): 359-364.",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W15-359-2019",
    "rights": "CC BY 4.0, © authors 2019; selected figure captions contain no separate third-party restriction.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "sha256": "a658437dc28421f0e3e383acfd306f063e2e54e5524eabfad9ca7b20caa000fb",
    "access": "Selected text passages and named figures inspected; not an exhaustive reading.",
    "title": "D’Andrea, A., A. Di Lillo, A. Laino, and P. M. Pesaresi. “Documenting Large Archaeological Sites, Managing Data, Planning Conservation and Maintenance: The Herculaneum Conservation Project Experience.” International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W15 (2019): 359-364."
  },
  {
    "id": "herc-wms",
    "citation": "Herculaneum Conservation Project. “WMS.” SIGERC. Accessed October 4, 2026.",
    "url": "https://sigerc.herculaneum.org/catasto/wms",
    "rights": "Service/data licence unresolved; metadata link only.",
    "access": "Published WMS instructions inspected; service capabilities and layer accuracy not independently tested.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "title": "Herculaneum Conservation Project. “WMS.” SIGERC. Accessed October 4, 2026."
  },
  {
    "id": "pompeii",
    "citation": "Parco Archeologico di Pompei. “Archivi.” Accessed October 4, 2026.",
    "url": "https://pompeiisites.org/archivi/",
    "rights": "Public catalogue consultation does not establish reuse of each image.",
    "access": "Official distinction between public Open Pompeii, registered SiPompei and internal-network archives read; individual image records not inspected.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "title": "Parco Archeologico di Pompei. “Archivi.” Accessed October 4, 2026."
  },
  {
    "id": "thelepte",
    "citation": "Hermassi, Mouna. “Site archéologique de Thelepte.” Institut National du Patrimoine, March 3, 2021.",
    "url": "https://www.inp2020.tn/fr/2021/03/03/site-archeologique-de-thelepte/",
    "rights": "INP reserves rights; images remain source-linked.",
    "access": "Text credits Mouna Hermassi; CMS byline Ali Dabbaghi is not substituted for the named text author. Feature descriptions and image placements checked; capture dates and photographers unspecified.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "title": "Hermassi, Mouna. “Site archéologique de Thelepte.” Institut National du Patrimoine, March 3, 2021."
  },
  {
    "id": "heritage-together",
    "citation": "Griffiths, Seren, et al. “Crowd-sourcing Archaeological Research: HeritageTogether Digital Public Archaeology in Practice.” Internet Archaeology 40 (2015).",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.11141/ia.40.7.3",
    "rights": "CC BY 3.0 unless otherwise noted.",
    "access": "Summary and public engagement/digital viewing sections read; methodological comparator, not a mapped Mediterranean site.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "title": "Griffiths, Seren, et al. “Crowd-sourcing Archaeological Research: HeritageTogether Digital Public Archaeology in Practice.” Internet Archaeology 40 (2015)."
  },
  {
    "id": "pleiades",
    "citation": "Pleiades. GIS Data Snapshot. Retrieved October 1, 2026.",
    "url": "https://atlantides.org/downloads/pleiades/gis/pleiades_gis_data.zip",
    "rights": "CC BY 3.0; attribution to Pleiades and its individual contributors. See https://pleiades.stoa.org/help/using-pleiades-data.",
    "access": "Pinned full GIS snapshot; nine representative points selected by place ID.",
    "accessed": "2026-10-04",
    "title": "Pleiades. GIS Data Snapshot. Retrieved October 1, 2026."
  },
  {
    "id": "lancel1981",
    "title": "Lancel, Serge. “Fouilles françaises à Carthage. La colline de Byrsa et l’occupation punique (VIIe siècle - 146 av. J.-C.). Bilan de sept années de fouilles.” Comptes rendus des séances de l’Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres 125, no. 2 (1981): 156-193. https://doi.org/10.3406/crai.1981.13828.",
    "url": "https://www.persee.fr/doc/crai_0065-0536_1981_num_125_2_13828?pageId=T1_159",
    "inspected": "Source-plan catalogue and its recorded consultation limits reused; no new full-publication reading claimed.",
    "annotation": "Lancel 1981, p. 159, fig. 1; accompanying archaic-tomb discussion p. 158.",
    "type": "published-plan record"
  },
  {
    "id": "plan-unesco-118596",
    "title": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre. “Archaeological Site of Carthage: Maps.” Map document 118596, listed as 2012 adopted inscribed-property map. Accessed 12 October 2026.",
    "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/document/118596",
    "inspected": "Source-plan catalogue and its recorded consultation limits reused; no new full-publication reading claimed.",
    "annotation": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre, Archaeological Site of Carthage, maps: adopted map of the inscribed property, 2012.",
    "type": "published-plan record"
  },
  {
    "id": "plan-mugnai2022",
    "title": "Niccolò Mugnai, “Architecture and Art,” in A Companion to North Africa in Antiquity, ed. R. Bruce Hitchner (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2022), 247-284, esp. 262-264 and fig. 15.6d on 263.",
    "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781119071754.ch15",
    "inspected": "Source-plan catalogue and its recorded consultation limits reused; no new full-publication reading claimed.",
    "annotation": "Mugnai 2022, p. 263, fig. 15.6d (within complete fig. 15.6).",
    "type": "published-plan record"
  },
  {
    "id": "plan-pompeii-2025",
    "title": "Parco Archeologico di Pompei. PompeiiMAP [official archaeological-site map]. Edition 09/2025. Official two-page PDF linked from Map and Guide to the Excavations.",
    "url": "https://pompeiisites.org/wp-content/uploads/PompeiiMAP.pdf",
    "inspected": "Source-plan catalogue and its recorded consultation limits reused; no new full-publication reading claimed.",
    "annotation": "Official two-page map PDF, edition 09/2025; exact sheet/figure ordinal not independently checked.",
    "type": "published-plan record"
  },
  {
    "id": "plan-nasr2017",
    "title": "Nasr, Mongi. “Les dépotoirs de céramiques de Thelepte : productions locales et productions régionales.” Antiquités africaines 53 (2017): 79-93. https://doi.org/10.4000/antafr.634.",
    "url": "https://journals.openedition.org/antafr/634",
    "inspected": "Source-plan catalogue and its recorded consultation limits reused; no new full-publication reading claimed.",
    "annotation": "Nasr 2017, printed p. 81, fig. 2; existence and exact locator explicitly verified by Nasr and Capelli 2018, printed p. 184, note 6. Original figure uninspected.",
    "type": "published-plan record"
  }
]