{
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  "entries": [
    {
      "id": "introduction",
      "heading": "Introduction — pp. 1–14"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1",
      "heading": "Book I. Civil Procedure — pp. 15–296"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part1",
      "heading": "Part I. The Courts of the Monarchy and Early Republic — pp. 15–78"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part1-1",
      "heading": "§1. Theory of Civil Procedure at Rome; the Magistrate and the Iudex — contents: pp. 15–49; opening discussion: pp. 15–18"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part1-2",
      "heading": "§2. The Magistrate — pp. 18–37"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part1-2a",
      "heading": "(a) At Rome — pp. 18–32"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part1-2b",
      "heading": "(b) The Municipal Magistrate — pp. 32–36"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part1-2c",
      "heading": "(c) The Magistrate in the Provinces — pp. 36–37"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part1-3",
      "heading": "§3. The Iudex — pp. 37–49"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part1-4",
      "heading": "§4. Procedure in iure; the Legis Actio — pp. 49–78"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2",
      "heading": "Part II. The Courts of the Ciceronian Period — pp. 79–296"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-1",
      "heading": "§1. The Relation of the Magistrates to the Laws — pp. 79–82"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-2",
      "heading": "§2. The Magistrate — pp. 82–132"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-2a",
      "heading": "(a) At Rome — pp. 82–99"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-2b",
      "heading": "(b) The Municipal Magistrate and Municipal Jurisdiction — pp. 99–109"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-2c",
      "heading": "(c) The Provincial Magistrate and Provincial Jurisdiction — pp. 109–132"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-3",
      "heading": "§3. The Action — pp. 132–181"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-3a",
      "heading": "(a) Preliminaries to Action — pp. 132–141"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-3b",
      "heading": "(b) The Summons — pp. 141–145"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-3c",
      "heading": "(c) Proceedings in iure — pp. 145–149"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-3d",
      "heading": "(d) The Formula — pp. 150–161"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-3e",
      "heading": "(e) The Formula and the Legis Actio — pp. 161–175"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-3f",
      "heading": "(f) Dangers of the formulary system — pp. 175–177"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-3g",
      "heading": "(g) Actionis or Formulae Editio. Discussions connected with the Postulatio — pp. 178–181"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-4",
      "heading": "§4. The Different Kinds of Action — pp. 182–210"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-4a",
      "heading": "(a) In rem actiones — pp. 182–195"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-4b",
      "heading": "(b) In personam actiones — pp. 195–206"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-4c",
      "heading": "(c) Actiones Poenales — pp. 206–210"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-5",
      "heading": "§5. The Interdict — pp. 210–227"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-6",
      "heading": "§6. Defence; Exceptio; Praescriptio — pp. 227–235"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-7",
      "heading": "§7. Representation — pp. 235–243"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-8",
      "heading": "§8. The Litis Contestatio — pp. 243–251"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-9",
      "heading": "§9. Confession — pp. 251–254"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-10",
      "heading": "§10. Neglect of Defence — pp. 255–258"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-10star",
      "heading": "§10*. The Oath — pp. 259–263"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-11",
      "heading": "§11. The Iudex and the Iudicium — pp. 263–277"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-12",
      "heading": "§12. Execution — pp. 278–286"
    },
    {
      "id": "book1-part2-13",
      "heading": "§13. Appeal and reversal of Sentences — pp. 287–296"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2",
      "heading": "Book II. Criminal Procedure — pp. 297–525"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-1",
      "heading": "§1. The Criminal Procedure of the Earliest Times — pp. 297–307"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-2",
      "heading": "§2. The Criminal Procedure of the Early Republic — pp. 307–326"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-3",
      "heading": "§3. The Jurisdiction of the Tribune and of the Plebs — pp. 327–331"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-4",
      "heading": "§4. Magisterial Coercitio — pp. 331–338"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-5",
      "heading": "§5. The Jurisdiction of the different Magistrates and the separate Comitia. The Triumviri Capitales — pp. 338–344"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-6",
      "heading": "§6. The Procedure of a Iudicium Populi and of the Provocatio — pp. 344–349"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-7",
      "heading": "§7. Survivals of popular jurisdiction in Cicero’s day — pp. 349–366"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-8",
      "heading": "§8. Domestic Jurisdiction — pp. 367–373"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-9",
      "heading": "§9. Religious Jurisdiction — pp. 373–380"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-10",
      "heading": "§10. Special Commissions — pp. 380–397"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-11",
      "heading": "§11. Martial Law — pp. 397–406"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-12",
      "heading": "§12. Italian and Municipal Jurisdiction — pp. 406–410"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-13",
      "heading": "§13. Provincial and Military Jurisdiction — pp. 410–415"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-14",
      "heading": "§14. The Iudicia Publica or Quaestiones Perpetuae — pp. 415–428"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-15",
      "heading": "§15. The Presidents of the Quaestiones Perpetuae — pp. 428–433"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-16",
      "heading": "§16. The Iudices of the Quaestiones Perpetuae and the Leges Iudiciariae — pp. 433–456"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-17",
      "heading": "§17. The Course of the Trial in a Quaestio Perpetua — pp. 456–504"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-18",
      "heading": "§18. Execution — pp. 504–516"
    },
    {
      "id": "book2-19",
      "heading": "§19. Appeal and Restitution — pp. 516–525"
    },
    {
      "id": "appendix1",
      "heading": "Appendix I. The Nexus and the Vindex — pp. 527–529"
    },
    {
      "id": "appendix2",
      "heading": "Appendix II. Commentaries on Cicero’s Speeches for Quinctius, Roscius the Actor, Tullius and Caecina — pp. 530–568"
    },
    {
      "id": "appendix2-1",
      "heading": "(1) Pro Quinctio — pp. 531–541"
    },
    {
      "id": "appendix2-2",
      "heading": "(2) Pro Roscio Comoedo — pp. 542–551"
    },
    {
      "id": "appendix2-3",
      "heading": "(3) Pro Tullio — pp. 551–556"
    },
    {
      "id": "appendix2-4",
      "heading": "(4) Pro Caecina — pp. 556–568"
    },
    {
      "id": "appendix3",
      "heading": "Appendix III. The Conditions of the Provocatio — pp. 569–572"
    },
    {
      "id": "appendix4",
      "heading": "Appendix IV. On the Position of Pompeius as sole consul in 52 B.C. — pp. 573–574"
    },
    {
      "id": "additional-notes",
      "heading": "Additional Notes — pp. 575–578"
    },
    {
      "id": "note13",
      "heading": "Page 13, note 1 — additional note on p. 575"
    },
    {
      "id": "note58",
      "heading": "Page 58 — additional note on p. 575"
    },
    {
      "id": "note102",
      "heading": "Page 102 — additional note beginning on p. 575, continuing on p. 576"
    },
    {
      "id": "note115",
      "heading": "Page 115, note 3 — additional note on p. 576"
    },
    {
      "id": "note262",
      "heading": "Page 262, note 4 — additional note on p. 576"
    },
    {
      "id": "note319",
      "heading": "Page 319, note 2 — additional note on p. 577"
    },
    {
      "id": "note356",
      "heading": "Page 356, note 3 — additional note on p. 577"
    },
    {
      "id": "note363",
      "heading": "Page 363 — additional note on p. 577, identifying line 21"
    },
    {
      "id": "note395",
      "heading": "Page 395 — additional note on p. 578"
    },
    {
      "id": "index-subjects",
      "heading": "Index of Subjects — begins p. 579; extends through p. 591"
    },
    {
      "id": "index-cicero",
      "heading": "Index to Passages in Cicero — begins p. 592; extends through p. 599"
    }
  ],
  "verification_scope": "Structural checks are automated. Section summaries were prepared from local source OCR, targeted full-page readings, and selected image verification. This is not an independent audit of every ancient citation or of current scholarly consensus.",
  "known_contents_anomaly": "Part I section 1 printed range 15–49 overlaps sections 2–3; separately headed opening discussion is on 15–18.",
  "excluded_noncontents_material": "Blank page 526, imprint material, and publisher advertisements. Preface is discussed separately."
}