Offices through time
行省官员与祭司职务年表

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 1

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 2

The reverse 25/26 is printed in Baldwin p. 251; numerical envelope supports search only, not a silent emendation.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 3

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 4

Alternative name retained as one unresolved source-local record.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 5

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 6

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 7

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 8

No arbitrary ±5-year window assigned to circa. Searchable as undated; textual date preserved.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 10

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — pp. 106–107, no. 11; Appendix I.A p. 251

Baldwin p. 106 explicitly says exact function is problematic and Augustus’ letter gives no title. Not counted as a proconsul.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 12

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 14

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 16

Open upper bound. No guessed terminal year.

baldwin-1983 — p. 144, no. 17; Appendix I.A p. 251

Tacitus Ann. 3.38 and 3.70 are quoted by Baldwin. Accusation in 21 and conviction in 22 are not tenure endpoints; 20/21 is less likely in Baldwin.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 18

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 19

Possible 24/25 retained in label; no precise main window asserted.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 20

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 21

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 22

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 23

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 24

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 25

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 26

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 27

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — p. 184, discussion of no. 29; Appendix I.A p. 251

Baldwin discusses a possible prorogation, not a proved uninterrupted tenure.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 29

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — pp. 184–185, no. 30; Appendix I.A p. 251

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 31

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 32

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — pp. 189–190, no. 33; Appendix I.A p. 251

Rank directly given in AE 1948.17 as quoted by Baldwin. The located inscription at Lepcis Magna records a career including Crete and Cyrene; its findspot is outside that jurisdiction.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 34

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 35

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — Appendix I.A, p. 251, no. 36

Source chronology, not a complete-tenure claim. Independent modern revision pending.

baldwin-1983 — p. 203, no. 37; Appendix I.A p. 251

IC 1.26.2 at Pyranthos is quoted by Baldwin and names the proconsul. Pyranthos is not replaced by a guessed Gortyn findspot.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 1

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 2

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 3

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 4

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 5

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 7

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 8

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 10

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 18

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 19

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 22

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 24

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 25

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 28

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 29

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 30

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 33

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 35

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 36

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

rupke-2008 — ch. 6, pp. 44–45, proposed patron list no. 40

Rüpke calls the replacement of calatores by priestly patrons largely hypothetical. The date window belongs to the documents; neither tenure nor inauguration in 101/102 follows. Approximate appointment wording remains a source proposal.

pir-persons-json — PIR D 0142, career field

leg. Aug. pr. pr. Syriae a. 60 - a. 63

Checked against the actual PIR record, not inferred from a consulship or from the campaign dataset. End years have year precision; individual arrival/departure days remain unknown.

pir-persons-json — PIR C 0691, career field

leg. Aug. pr. pr. Syriae a. 63-a. 67

Checked against the actual PIR record, not inferred from a consulship or from the campaign dataset. End years have year precision; individual arrival/departure days remain unknown.

pir-persons-json — PIR I 0322, career field

procos. Asiae a. 84/a. 85

Checked against the actual PIR record, not inferred from a consulship or from the campaign dataset. End years have year precision; individual arrival/departure days remain unknown.

pir-persons-json — PIR I 0576, career field

leg. Aug. pr. pr. Syriae a. 135-a. 136

Checked against the actual PIR record, not inferred from a consulship or from the campaign dataset. End years have year precision; individual arrival/departure days remain unknown.

pir-persons-json — PIR I 0576, career field

leg. Aug. pr. pr. Daciae superioris a. 121

Checked against the actual PIR record, not inferred from a consulship or from the campaign dataset. End years have year precision; individual arrival/departure days remain unknown.

pir-persons-json — PIR V1 0266, career field

leg. Aug. pr. pr. Lyciae et Pamphyliae sub Claudio (a. 43-a. 47/a.48)

Checked against the actual PIR record, not inferred from a consulship or from the campaign dataset. End years have year precision; individual arrival/departure days remain unknown.

tacitus-annals-latin-library — Annals 4.16; consular-year frame 4.1; next year begins 4.17

Tacitus reports his death and discussion of a replacement. No inauguration date is supplied.

tacitus-annals-latin-library — Annals 4.16; consular-year frame 4.1; next year begins 4.17

Tacitus says the son succeeded his father. The son is a separate person; his praenomen is not supplied here.

tacitus-annals-latin-library — Annals 4.16; consular-year frame 4.1; next year begins 4.17

Tacitus reports Cornelia’s selection in place of Scantia; no unsupported family identification is made.

tacitus-annals-latin-library — Annals 4.16; consular-year frame 4.1; next year begins 4.17

Replaced by Cornelia. The passage does not specify a cause of departure.

dalla-rosa-2012 — title, p. 259; identity PIR² I 573, p. 270 n. 80; episodes p. 268

Dalla Rosa assigns the proconsulship to 152/153. The PIR career independently contains procos. Asiae but supplies no date for that office; its circa 139 refers to the consulship. PIR cites this article, so the two are not independent corroboration of its date. Exact entry/exit dates remain unknown. Do not merge with Sex. Iulius Severus (PIR I 0576).

piso-2013-dacia-ii — Entry 73.2, printed p. 111; RGZM 22 = ILD 20

translatis in Dacia Porolis(s)ensi sub | Livio Grato

The nomen and cognomen are retained. No unsupported praenomen is supplied. RGZM 22 and its parallel editions describe one diploma, not multiple independent witnesses. The date is a reported attestation, not a tenure endpoint. The historical provincial geometry has not been admitted; no seat substitutes for the province.

piso-2013-dacia-ii — Entry 73.5, printed p. 112; Eck, ZPE 176 (2011), 234–240

sub Livio Grato

The published day includes an emended numeral in the study. Distinct from the 14 April diploma. A proposed identification with the Gratus of Tarantasiae is not admitted; Piso discusses the widespread cognomen on p. 114. The date is a reported attestation, not a tenure endpoint. The historical provincial geometry has not been admitted; no seat substitutes for the province.

piso-2013-dacia-ii — Entry 74.2, printed p. 115; RMD V 378 = AE 2002, 1745

Dacia Po]rolissens(i) sub Flavio Italico

Piso dates this diploma to 131; the frozen PIR bibliography labels RMD V 378 as 130/131. The dating difference remains unadjudicated. The official public name is Flavius Italicus, fortasse T. Flavius Italicus; the praenomen remains proposed. The date is a reported attestation, not a tenure endpoint. The historical provincial geometry has not been admitted; no seat substitutes for the province.

piso-2013-dacia-ii — Entry 74.3, printed p. 115; RMD I 35 = IDR I/D 1 = AE 1962, 255

sunt in Dacia Porolis(sensi) sub Flavio Italico

A single diploma in several editions. The association with the ala commander at Arrabona is disputed in Piso pp. 116–117 and is not used for identity, early-career dates or movement. The date is a reported attestation, not a tenure endpoint. The historical provincial geometry has not been admitted; no seat substitutes for the province.

piso-2013-dacia-ii — Entry 74.4, printed p. 115; RMD IV 248 = ILD 30 = AE 1995, 1283

[et sunt in Dacia Por]ol(issensi) sub Fl(avio) Italico

Restorations remain in the exact source excerpt. The frozen PIR bibliography describes the same Porolissum diploma under 133; the source-date discrepancy is recorded without choosing a consensus date. RMD IV 248 and parallel editions are dependent. The date is a reported attestation, not a tenure endpoint. The historical provincial geometry has not been admitted; no seat substitutes for the province.

josephus-antiquities-greek — Antiquities 17.339; Niese/Perseus Greek; containing reader 17.332

Ἰωάζαρον τὸν Βοηθοῦ ἀφελόμενος τὴν ἀρχιερωσύνην

The patronymic is explicit. No PIR identity or identification with another Boethus family member is admitted. This is the Judaean high priesthood, distinct from Roman colleges. The chapter heading’s banishment topic does not date this appointment or removal. No place point or complete tenure is inferred.

josephus-antiquities-greek — Antiquities 17.339; Niese/Perseus Greek; containing reader 17.332

Ἐλεάζαρον τὸν ἐκείνου ἐπικαθίσταται ἀδελφόν

The text calls him the brother of the preceding Joazar. No additional patronymic, PIR identity or Roman priesthood is supplied. This is the Judaean high priesthood, distinct from Roman colleges. The chapter heading’s banishment topic does not date this appointment or removal. No place point or complete tenure is inferred.

josephus-antiquities-greek — Antiquities 17.341; Niese/Perseus Greek; containing reader 17.332

ἐπικατασταθέντος αὐτῷ ζῶντι Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Σεὲ παιδός

The father’s name and high-priestly succession context identify this source-local person. No identification with Jesus of Nazareth or another Jesus is admitted. This is the Judaean high priesthood, distinct from Roman colleges. The chapter heading’s banishment topic does not date this appointment or removal. No place point or complete tenure is inferred.

piso-2013-dacia-ii — Entry 75.1, printed p. 117; D. Isac, AMN 38 (2001), 49–60 = AE 2001, 1705 = RMD V 404 = ILD 38

et sunt in Dacia Porolis(s)ens(i) sub Macrinio Vindice proc(uratore)

Each set of parallel publications refers to one diploma. The date is a reported office attestation, not an appointment, departure or continuous tenure. The official public name has no praenomen; Piso’s M. is discussed separately from the diploma wording. The jurisdiction has no admitted period geometry, and the diploma findspot does not locate the governor personally. The office title is reproduced explicitly in this reading. Samum–Cășei is the reported find context; no personal presence is inferred.

piso-2013-dacia-ii — Entry 75.2, printed p. 117; CIL XVI 110 + Suppl. p. 216; IDR I/D 17; RMD I 47; AE 1980, 760; RMD II 47?/101

[et sunt in Dacia Poroliss]en(si) sub Macrinio [Vindice proc(uratore)]

Each set of parallel publications refers to one diploma. The date is a reported office attestation, not an appointment, departure or continuous tenure. The official public name has no praenomen; Piso’s M. is discussed separately from the diploma wording. The jurisdiction has no admitted period geometry, and the diploma findspot does not locate the governor personally. The cognomen, office title and part of the province are restored in the reproduced reading; brackets are retained. Piso p. 119 argues for 154 against the older 158/159 dating using the witness list and Fasti Ostienses; the underlying dating argument has not been independently re-adjudicated here. Eck–Isac–Piso, ZPE 100 (1994), p. 589 also lists the same diploma under 154; that is a dependent discussion, not another ancient witness. Domașnea/Mehadia is a reported fragment/find context, not the governor’s location.

piso-2013-dacia-ii — Entry 76.1, printed p. 122; CIL III 836; commentary pp. 122–123

curante Tib(erio) Cl(audio) Quinti|liano proc(uratore) s(uo)

Inscribed office: proc(uratore) s(uo)
Modern attribution: presidial procurator · Dacia Porolissensis
Piso interprets the imperial procurator in this building text as a presidial procurator and rejects the earlier financial-procurator attribution to Dacia Superior. The inscription’s quoted clause does not itself name the province or say praeses.

The year follows Piso’s interpretation of Antoninus Pius’ twentieth tribunician power; no independent exact calendar conversion is made here. The inscription names an imperial procurator, while the presidial function and provincial attribution are Piso’s interpretation. This is a dated attestation, not tenure endpoints or a proved immediate succession. The proposed seat near the fort is not mapped, and curante does not establish the governor’s physical presence. The 2025 diploma publication (pp. 50, 52–53) preserves no governor name and offers Quintilianus only conditionally; it supplies no admitted attestation in 155 or 156. The Virunum namesake remains separate.

tacitus-annals-latin-tei — Annals 3.58; reviewed year frame 3.52 and next-year boundary 4.1

Servius Maluginensis flamen Dialis

Tacitus explicitly names Maluginensis as flamen Dialis while he requests Asia. The request is later refused at 3.71. This is a priestly attestation only; no governorship, tenure start, continuous 22–23 roster, personal journey or external PIR identity is admitted. The same source-local father appears deceased at 4.16; his unnamed son remains separate.

piso-2013-dacia-ii — Entry 77.2, printed pp. 123–124; AE 1994, 1487 = RMD III 177 = ILD 39; commentary pp. 124–127

[et sunt in Dacia P]orolis(sensi) sub Volu[sio - - - proc(uratore)]

Restored office title: proc(uratore)
Modern attribution: presidial procurator · Dacia Porolissensis
The procurator title and province/name endings are restored in the quoted edition. Piso treats this as a presidial procurator of Dacia Porolissensis; no literal praeses title or reconstructed continuous tenure is asserted.

One diploma has alternative year placements, not two annual attestations. The heading’s proposed L. depends on a possible military-tribune identity and is not supplied. Neither Martialis nor a Tingitana career from PIR 14671 is admitted. Piso’s wider 160–163 career placement and proposed cross-provincial sequence are interpretations, not this document’s date or a continuous tenure. Immediate succession to Quintilianus is unestablished; Gilău locates the find, not the governor.

acta-xii-2007-volume-i — Arnaldi 2007, printed p. 87, Mediolanum 17; comparison: Granino Cecere 2007, printed p. 653 no. 62

flam(inica) div(ae) F[austinae] pia[e]

The edited recipient includes restored letters. The source’s post-176 dating describes the inscription, not co-option or a complete office term. Both role claims concern one inscription. Mediolanum is the studies’ locality attribution, not a demonstrated ritual venue or personal residence. No Roman college, provincial/conventus office, named father, simultaneous holding or lifelong membership is inferred. Granino Cecere’s late-second-century proposal is retained verbally; no numeric latest bound is supplied.

acta-xii-2007-volume-i — Arnaldi 2007, printed p. 87, Mediolanum 17; comparison: Granino Cecere 2007, printed p. 653 no. 62

flam(inica) diva[e Faustinae ?]

The second recipient is restored and queried. Granino Cecere no. 62 proposes maioris? matris; a certain Faustina-the-Elder identity, sequence and separate term are not admitted. Both role claims concern one inscription. Mediolanum is the studies’ locality attribution, not a demonstrated ritual venue or personal residence. No Roman college, provincial/conventus office, named father, simultaneous holding or lifelong membership is inferred. Granino Cecere’s late-second-century proposal is retained verbally; no numeric latest bound is supplied.