Audited case study (M18).经审定的案例研究(M18)。 All Greek + English + commentary blocks below are verbatim OCR extracts from OR 2017 (the volume 2017 osborne Greek historical inscriptions.pdf in the local general knowledge folder); scholarship blockquotes are verbatim from dossier_workspace/excerpts_greek_decrees_A.md. No invented quotes. Paraphrases are explicitly marked.下列希腊文、英文与评注各段都是取自 OR 2017 的逐字 OCR 摘录(即本地 general knowledge 文件夹中的 2017 osborne Greek historical inscriptions.pdf);学术引文逐字录自 dossier_workspace/excerpts_greek_decrees_A.md。没有杜撰的引文。所有转述都明确标注。

1. Metadata1. 元数据

Source
OR 120 (= ML 31)
Date
469–450 BCE
Period
Classical (mid-5th c.)
Place
Athens (Acropolis)
Language
grc
Preservation type
HT3/ET2/RT4

Evidentiary Profile HT3/ET2/RT4 (calibrated)

HT3historical (significant-terms density)历史维度(关键术语密度)
ET2epigraphic (preservation completeness)铭文维度(保存完整度)
RT4restoration (editorial inferential density)复原维度(编者推断密度)

Substantially restored prescript and body; the named proposer Leon, secretary [...n]asippus, prytanising tribe Acamantis, and chairman Neoclides are all verifiably attested. Calibrated values pending corpus-record join.前言与正文经大量复原;所列提案人 Leon、书记 [...n]asippus、值勤部族 Acamantis 与主席 Neoclides 均有可查证的史料支持。校准数值有待与语料记录关联后给出。

↗ Preservation Typology Plan ↗ Open the Preservation tab

2. Text + translation + commentary (verbatim OCR)2. 文本 + 翻译 + 评注(逐字 OCR)

English translation (verbatim from OR 2017)Resolved by the council and people; Acamantis was the prytany; […n]asippus was secretary; Neoclides was chairman; Leon proposed: Write up the decree for the Phaselites. Whatever cause of action arises at Athens against any of the Phaselites, the trials are to be held at Athens before the polemarch, as for the Chians, and nowhere else; trials of other cases covered by convention shall be held in accordance with the existing convention with the Phaselites; the — shall be abolished. If any of the other officials accepts a case against any of the Phaselites contrary to this (?), if he condemns the condemnation shall be invalid. If any one contravenes what has been decreed, he shall owe ten thousand drachmas sacred to Athena. This decree shall be written up by the secretary of the council on a stone stele and set down on the acropolis, at the expense of the Phaselites.Source: OR 2017, p. 145 (verbatim OCR extract)
OR 2017 commentary (verbatim OCR)Two categories of lawsuit are dealt with. Cases arising at Athens (xymbolaion is not limited to cases arising from contracts, as early commentators thought, and Cataldi still thinks) against a Phaselite are to be tried before the polemarch. This treatment must be a privilege: it would be normal for a case arising in Athens to be tried in Athens, and the privilege will be trial in the court of the polemarch, who handled lawsuits for privileged foreigners (Ath. Pol. 58. ii); prestige apart, this perhaps guaranteed that Phaselite defendants would not be subjected to summary procedures…Source: OR 2017, p. 145 (verbatim OCR extract; ellipsis at OCR cutoff)

3. Slot-by-slot decomposition3. 逐栏分解

SlotFunctionSurface form (as preserved or restored)Formula UID
1Enactment formulaResolved by the council and peopleF.EDOXEN_BD (the pre-403 ETBKTD)
2Prytany clauseAcamantis was the prytanyF.EPI_PRYTANEIAS (without ordinal — pre-Lykourgan)
3Secretary clause[…n]asippus was secretaryF.EGRAMMATEUEN
4Chairman / epistatesNeoclides was chairmanF.EPESTATEI
5ProposerLeon proposedF.EIPEN
6Sanction clauseshall owe ten thousand drachmas sacred to Athenapenalty clause
7Publication clausewritten up … on a stone stele and set down on the acropolisF.ANAGRAPSAI + F.STELEI_LITHINEI + F.STESAI_AKROPOLEI

4. Historical context4. 历史背景

Phaselis is a polis on the south coast of Asia Minor, in Lycia. OR 2017 (p. 145) reports that the decree's grant of trial at the polemarch's court was a privilege of the kind given to other privileged foreigners (Aristotle, Ath. Pol. 58.ii — explicitly cited in OR 2017's commentary).(法塞利斯)是小亚细亚南岸吕基亚地区的一座城邦。OR 2017(第 145 页)指出,该法令授予的在执政官法庭受审的权利,属于给予其他享有特权外邦人的那一类特权(亚里士多德《雅典政制》58.ii——OR 2017 的评注中明确征引)。法塞利斯是小亚细亚南岸吕基亚地区的一座城邦。OR 2017(第 145 页)指出,该法令授予的在执政官法庭受审的权利,属于给予其他享有特权外邦人的那一类特权(亚里士多德《雅典政制》58.ii——OR 2017 的评注中明确征引)。

The cross-reference to the Chians ("as for the Chians") in the OCR'd translation indicates this Phaselite privilege was modelled on an existing grant — a feature of formulaic propagation, where a privilege template travels from one ally to the next.OCR 译文中对开俄斯人的交叉引用(“一如开俄斯人那样”)表明,这项给予法塞利斯的特权是仿照一项既有授权而来的——这正是公式化传播的一个特征:一套特权模板从一个盟邦传递到下一个盟邦。

The OR 2017 commentary discusses earlier interpretation: "as early commentators thought, and Cataldi still thinks" — naming Cataldi as the principal modern dissenter to the now-standard reading of xymbolaion. (Cataldi citation reproduced from OR 2017's text; not independently verified against the Cataldi work itself, which is not in the local folder.)OR 2017 的评注讨论了较早的解读:“一如早期注释者所认为、而 Cataldi 至今仍主张的那样”——点名 Cataldi 是对 xymbolaion 现行标准释读的主要现代异见者。(Cataldi 的引证转录自 OR 2017 的正文;未对照 Cataldi 原著独立核实,该著作不在本地文件夹中。)

5. Additional scholarship5. 补充学术文献

"In this type the following items appear, normally in the order shown — formula of enactment ἔδοχσεν τει βολει και τοι δέμοι / name of prytanising tribe ἡ δεῖνα ἐπρυτάνευε / name of secretary ὁ δεῖνα ἐγραμμάτευε / name of chairman ὁ δεῖνα ἐπεστάτε / name of proposer of motion ὁ δεῖνα εἶπε."— Henry 1977, p. 8 — verbatim from dossier_workspace/excerpts_greek_decrees_A.md. Describes the pre-archon Type I prescript which exactly matches the structure of OR 120.

6. Cross-references6. 交叉引用

7. Bibliography (in-folder files only)7. 参考文献(仅限文件夹内文件)

  1. Osborne, R., & Rhodes, P. J. (2017). Greek Historical Inscriptions, 478–404 BC. Oxford. OR 120, pp. 144–146. In folder as 2017 osborne Greek historical inscriptions.pdf.
  2. Meiggs, R., & Lewis, D. M. (1969). A Selection of Greek Historical Inscriptions to the End of the Fifth Century B.C. Oxford. ML 31. In folder as 1969 Meiggs A Selection of Greek Historical Inscriptions…pdf.
  3. Henry, A. S. (1977). The Prescripts of Athenian Decrees. Mnemosyne Suppl. 49. Leiden. In folder; verbatim excerpts in dossier_workspace/excerpts_greek_decrees_A.md.

Every entry above points to a file present in the dossier's local general knowledge folder, or to one of the excerpts files in dossier_workspace/. Foundational external editions and individual scholarly articles not in the local folder are deliberately omitted per the M18 no-fabrication policy.以上每一条目都指向本文献集本地 general knowledge 文件夹中现存的文件,或 dossier_workspace/ 中的某一摘录文件。所有不在本地文件夹内的基础性外部校本和单篇学术论文,都依据 M18 无杜撰政策有意略去。