SIG³ 1018 · An Attalid king to an official: the regulation of a priesthood of Zeus阿塔罗斯王致官员:宙斯祭司职之规章
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An Attalid king to an official: the regulation of a priesthood of Zeus

This royal letter, cut on a marble door-post at Pergamon in the third century BCE, regulates a priesthood of Zeus — an annual office filled by lot. Its opening, with the king's name and the official to whom he wrote, is lost to the broken upper stone; what survives is the body of the ordinance, and it reads like a charter of the sacral economy. Whoever holds the office in turn is to wear a white chlamys and a wreath of olive bound with a purple fillet. He receives, as perquisites of every victim, the hide and a haunch — and, crucially, the rental income of the workshops the king himself has dedicated to the god. He must lease those shops and keep them in repair, handing them on in good order or paying the cost of repair; and while he 'holds the crown' he is exempt from all civic liturgies. Finally, he is to keep safe the god's silver plate and the other dedications and hand them, by inventory, to his successor. The cult is identified by the olive crown as that of Zeus, and the founder is most likely Attalus I, endowing it from his victory-spoils (the king's name being a conjecture, since the prescript is lost). It is the corpus's clearest window onto how a Hellenistic king endowed and regulated a cult: regalia, perquisites, a self-funding endowment of rental property, immunities, and the accountable hand-over of temple treasure.此王函,公元前三世纪刻于佩加蒙一大理石门柱,规章一宙斯祭司之职 —— 一年一任、抽签充任。其首段(王名与受书之官员)随上石之残断而佚;所存者乃规章之正文,读之如圣职经济之章程。凡轮值任此职者,须着白色 chlamys、戴以紫带束之橄榄冠。其得每祭牲之皮与一腿为犒 —— 而尤要者,得王亲献于神之作坊之租金。彼须出租此等作坊并任其修缮,完好移交或偿其修费;且在「持冠」期间免一切市政捐役。终须妥守神之银器及他献,并按册移交后任。橄榄冠表此神为宙斯,而立此职者最可能为阿塔罗斯一世、以其战利养之(因首段已佚,王名乃推测)。此为本集最明之一窗,见希腊化君主如何捐立并规章一祭祀:祭服、犒赏、自养之产业捐置、豁免,及神庙宝物之问责移交。