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W1 · time-indexed world stateW1 · 时间索引的世界状态

The Ancient World as State at a Year古代世界:某一年的状态

The spines hold dated points — a consular year, a place, an inscription. This joins them into state you can query at a year: who held which office, what a place was called and depended on, what economic regime governed a production centre. Every answer carries its evidence; coarsely-dated evidence is shown as context, never as a point-in-time claim. Years are signed (negative = BCE, no year 0). 诸脊柱保存的是有年代的点 —— 执政官年份、地点、铭文。此处将其联结为可按年份查询的状态:某年谁任何职、某地当时何名并隶属于何处、某生产中心受何种经济体制治理。每个答案均附证据;年代粗略者标为背景,绝不充作某一年的确证。年份带符号(负=公元前,无零年)。

try 63 BCE · 133 BCE · 509 BCE · 44 BCE
try Neocaesarea @100 · Ascalon @600 BCE
try Baetica @150 · Ostia @150 · Dokimeion @136

Suppress a witness or an event and see, by monotone deletion, which downstream events lose all their support. This asks what the historical record rests on — not what would have happened. The Persian Wars, for one, rest on a single author.压制一个见证或事件,以单调删除观察哪些下游事件失去全部支撑。此问历史记录依赖于什么 —— 而非史事本身会否改变。譬如希波战争,仅系于一位作者。

Each dot is a Pleiades place attested at the chosen year (its name-coverage envelope contains t). Red markers are economy centres, filled when a fiscal regime is in force then. Drag the slider to watch the attested world thicken and thin across a millennium.每个点为在所选年份有见证的 Pleiades 地点(其名称覆盖区间含 t)。红色标记为经济中心,当其财政体制于此时生效则填充。拖动滑块,观察见证世界在千年间的疏密变化。

Under a pure transport-cost regime, a commodity should thin out with distance from its source. Baetican olive oil (Dressel 20) does not: far northern military sites hold it at many times the cost-decay expectation. That over-representation, where no civilian market can explain it, is the fingerprint of the annona militaris — the state feeding the frontier armies, overriding market cost.在纯运输成本之下,商品应随距源头之远而稀疏。贝提卡橄榄油(Dressel 20)却不然:北方边境军事据点持有量远超成本衰减之预期。此种在无民用市场可解释处的过度出现,正是军粮制(annona militaris)之印记 —— 国家越过市场成本,供养边境驻军。

Each point: a findspot — horizontal = km from the Guadalquivir source, vertical = stamps (log). frontier military · Mediterranean. The line is the fitted cost-decay; points far above it defy it.每点为一出土地 —— 横轴=距瓜达尔基维尔源头之公里,纵轴=戳记数(对数)。 边境军事 · 地中海。直线为拟合之成本衰减;远在其上者即为反例。

How to read it. bindable = the evidence dates precisely enough to bind to a single year. context = the interval overlaps your year but is too coarse (a floruit/epoch) to assert as a point fact — treat as background. asserted/derived = whether a curated editor asserted the state or the table derived it from dated observations. Data: world-model/ · datasets · roadmap WORLD-MODEL-PLAN. 如何解读。 bindable=证据年代足够精确,可系于某一年。context=区间与所查年份重叠,但过于粗略(盛期/时代),不能作为某点确证 —— 视为背景。asserted/derived=状态系编者断言,抑或由有年代的观测派生。数据:world-model/ · 数据集