一 · 接收矩阵：宿主如何处理无从核实的报告1 · Reception Matrix: how hosts handle reports they cannot verify
行＝有真实宣称的宿主作者，列＝探险家（其文本多已佚，仅存于宿主体内）。格色＝姿态。点击任一格读原文。Rows = host authors who make a truth-claim; columns = explorers (whose texts mostly survive only inside their hosts). Cell colour = stance. Click any cell to read the source.
二 · 反讽之链2 · The Irony Chain
一条自我吞噬的链：怀疑论内在于纪实文类的规范意识本身。A self-devouring chain: skepticism is internal to the genre’s own norm of truthfulness.
三 · 可信度的悖论：亲见 ≠ 真实3 · The Credibility Paradox: autopsy ≠ truth
横轴：亲见 → 传闻 → 奇物；纵轴：采信 → 驳斥/切割。悖论（◎）：Patrocles 亲测里海却错，Herodotus 扶手椅反而对。Horizontal: autopsy → report → marvel; vertical: relay → refute/sever. The paradox (◎): Patrocles measured the Caspian first-hand and was wrong; Herodotus, from his armchair, was right.
四 · 冒险的产出：真值谱系4 · The Payoff of Risk: a Truth-Valency Spectrum
被琉善一概斥为谎言的奇观，未必尽属编造。以真值衡量，其中若干藏着可核的内核：古代记述在左，近世指认在右。古代 locus 已逐字亲核；现代指认属科学史／接收史判断，一律以“近世或以为”出之，非古人自指。The marvels Lucian would dismiss wholesale are not all fabrication. Measured for truth-valency, several conceal a verifiable kernel: the ancient report on the left, the modern identification on the right. The ancient loci are verbatim-checked; the modern identifications belong to the history of science and of reception — given throughout as “modern scholarship has argued”, never as an ancient self-identification.
五 · 语境5 · Context
上方任一格 / 链接点开后，逐字原文在此。Open any cell or chain-link above; the verbatim source appears here.
点击上方矩阵格或反讽链，阅读逐字希腊/拉丁原文。Click a matrix cell or a chain-link above to read the verbatim Greek/Latin source.
六 · 行程路线复原图6 · Route reconstructions
二十三条行程的路线复原。沿岸段为 10 角分地形栅格上的近岸最小成本路径（示意，非实测）；外海段为最小成本水路；河流段沿 Natural Earth 河道中线；细点段为转述或推断、未经亲证。选择一条行程以突出显示；编号圆点标出该行程的既定途经点（重复途经点如实重复，例如埃利乌斯·加卢斯经奈季兰南下马里卜、复经奈季兰折返）。Route reconstructions for all 23 expeditions. Coasting legs are least-cost offshore-band paths on a 10-arc-minute relief grid (indicative, not surveyed); open-sea legs are least-cost water paths; river legs follow Natural Earth centerlines; faint dotted legs are reported/inferred, not attested. Choose an expedition to highlight it; numbered pins mark its placed waypoints (repeated waypoints repeat honestly — e.g. Aelius Gallus passes Najran outbound to Marib and again on the retreat).
━ 沿岸coast · ╴╴ 外海open sea · ···· 陆路overland · ╴· 河流river