籬廬 magaliaComposition family散文写作家族Compare grammar比较语法

TUTORIAL教程 11

Ask a question and report it提出问题并转述它

Ask for information. Then distinguish a direct question from a question embedded in a report.先询问信息,再区分直接问句与嵌入报告中的问题。

Useful preparation:学习准备:Who does what?谁做什么? · Set a background and introduce an event交代背景并引入事件 · Report what someone says or thinks转述言语和想法

  1. 1 · Understand理解
  2. 2 · Write写作
  3. 3 · Compare比较
  4. 4 · Practise练习
Hover or focus to preview; click or tap to keep it open.悬停或聚焦查看;点击可保持打开。Word desk词语工作台

Understand and construct理解并组织

What is the general doing?将军正在做什么?

Vocabulary词汇

  • quid: what? / 什么?
  • dux, ducis m.: general / 将军
  • faciō, facere; facit: does / 做
  • rogō, rogāre: ask / 询问

Build the construction组织结构

  1. Use quid as the object of facit.用 quid 作 facit 的宾语。
  2. Keep dux as the nominative subject.主语 dux 保持主格。
  3. Use the indicative facit for this factual inquiry.这一事实询问用直陈式 facit。

Write your draft写下草稿

Your Latin and Greek attempts save separately in this browser.拉丁语及希腊语尝试分别保存在本浏览器中。

Compare your choices比较你的选择

Read one possible answer and its reasoning查看一种可能的例答及解释

Quid dux facit?

Quid asks for the missing information. A neutral yes/no question can use -ne. Nōnne commonly presumes yes and num commonly presumes no; these are expectations, not proof of the eventual answer.Quid 询问缺少的信息。中性的是否问句可用 -ne。Nōnne 通常预设肯定,num 通常预设否定;预设并不证明实际回答。

Compare quid facit? with rogō quid faciat. The embedded question is not an accusative-and-infinitive statement. Other moods are available for deliberative or potential direct questions.比较 quid facit? 与 rogō quid faciat。嵌入的问题不是宾格加不定式陈述。商议或可能性直接问句可用其他语气。

This is an authored example; other answers may preserve the intended meaning and fit the context.此为编写示例;其他答案也可能保留预期意义,并符合语境。

Change one choice, then connect the choices改变一项选择,再把选择连接起来

Variation 1变化练习 1

Ask neutrally whether the soldiers are guarding the gate.不预设回答,询问士兵们是否在守卫城门。

Show a hint查看提示
Attach -ne to the verb.把 -ne 附在动词后。
Compare with one possible answer与一种可能的答案比较

Custōdiuntne mīlitēs portam?

-ne marks a question without itself requiring a yes or no response. The verb remains indicative.-ne 标示问题,本身不要求肯定或否定回答。动词仍用直陈式。

Variation 2变化练习 2

The messenger asks what the soldiers are doing.信使询问士兵们正在做什么。

Show a hint查看提示
Use a present subjunctive in the embedded question.嵌入的问题用现在时虚拟式。
Compare with one possible answer与一种可能的答案比较

Nūntius rogat quid mīlitēs faciant.

Faciant marks a dependent question; quid remains its object. The question is simultaneous with the asking.Faciant 标示从属问句;quid 仍为它的宾语。所问动作与询问同时。

Variation 3变化练习 3

Ask why the general remained.询问将军为何留下。

Show a hint查看提示
Use cūr and a perfect indicative.用 cūr 与完成时直陈式。
Compare with one possible answer与一种可能的答案比较

Cūr dux mānsit?

The question asks for a reason for a past event. Cūr is interrogative; it does not itself introduce a causal explanation.该问题询问过去事件的原因。Cūr 是疑问词,本身不引入因果解释。

Explain and revise解释并修订

Review your work检查你的写作

Read in context在语境中阅读

All ancient prose examples全部古代散文用例

Grammar references and review status语法参考及审阅状态

Original examples and explanations remain drafts pending independent language review.编写例答及解释仍为草案,等待独立语言审阅。

Keep or analyse a response elsewhere保存作答或送往其他工作区分析

Choose one response to export as a Syntax Studio source. Only that text is included; reflections and model answers stay outside this export. Import and a composition fork remain explicit actions in Cursus.选择一项作答,导出为 Syntax Studio 的源文本。只包含所选文本,不含反思或例答。在 Cursus 中,导入及建立写作分支仍须明确操作。