籬廬 magaliaComposition family散文写作家族Compare grammar比较语法

TUTORIAL教程 07

Distinguish the thing given from its recipient区分所给予之物与接受者

Choose cases from the relation expressed by the verb.依据动词表达的关系选择格。

Useful preparation:学习准备:Who does what?谁做什么? · Describe a noun and its possessor描述名词及其归属

  1. 1 · Understand理解
  2. 2 · Write写作
  3. 3 · Compare比较
  4. 4 · Practise练习
Hover or focus to preview; click or tap to keep it open.悬停或聚焦查看;点击可保持打开。Word desk词语工作台

Understand and construct理解并组织

The general gives money to the soldiers.将军把钱给士兵们。

Vocabulary词汇

  • dux, ducis m.: general / 将军
  • mīles, mīlitis m.; mīlitibus: to the soldiers / 给士兵们
  • pecūnia, -ae f.: money / 钱
  • dō, dare, dedī: give / 给予

Build the construction组织结构

  1. Write dux as the nominative subject.用主格 dux 表示主语。
  2. Put money, the thing given, in the accusative: pecūniam.给予之物“钱”用宾格 pecūniam。
  3. Put the recipients in the dative plural: mīlitibus.接受者用与格复数 mīlitibus。

Write your draft写下草稿

Your Latin and Greek attempts save separately in this browser.拉丁语及希腊语尝试分别保存在本浏览器中。

Compare your choices比较你的选择

Read one possible answer and its reasoning查看一种可能的例答及解释

Dux mīlitibus pecūniam dat.

The dative distinguishes the recipient from the object. English to does not identify every Latin construction: a destination can instead require a preposition.与格把接受者同给予之物区分开。英语 to 并不总对应拉丁与格:地点目的地可能需要介词。

When money becomes the passive subject, the recipient stays dative: pecūnia mīlitibus datur.钱改作被动句主语后,接受者仍用与格:pecūnia mīlitibus datur。

This is an authored example; other answers may preserve the intended meaning and fit the context.此为编写示例;其他答案也可能保留预期意义,并符合语境。

Change one choice, then connect the choices改变一项选择,再把选择连接起来

Variation 1变化练习 1

Give the money to one soldier.把钱给一名士兵。

Show a hint查看提示
Use dative singular mīlitī.用与格单数 mīlitī。
Compare with one possible answer与一种可能的答案比较

Dux mīlitī pecūniam dat.

Only the recipient changes number.仅接受者改为单数。

Variation 2变化练习 2

Write: the general shows the gate to the soldiers.写:将军把城门指给士兵们看。

Show a hint查看提示
Mōnstrat means shows; portam is accusative.Mōnstrat 表示指示;portam 为宾格。
Compare with one possible answer与一种可能的答案比较

Dux mīlitibus portam mōnstrat.

Showing has the same object/recipient distinction in this example.本例“展示”同样区分对象与接受者。

Variation 3变化练习 3

Make the money the passive subject.把钱改为被动句主语。

Show a hint查看提示
Use nominative pecūnia and passive datur.用主格 pecūnia 及被动 datur。
Compare with one possible answer与一种可能的答案比较

Pecūnia mīlitibus datur.

The thing given becomes nominative; mīlitibus stays dative.给予之物变为主格;mīlitibus 保留与格。

Explain and revise解释并修订

Review your work检查你的写作

Read in context在语境中阅读

All ancient prose examples全部古代散文用例

Grammar references and review status语法参考及审阅状态

Original examples and explanations remain drafts pending independent language review.编写例答及解释仍为草案,等待独立语言审阅。

Keep or analyse a response elsewhere保存作答或送往其他工作区分析

Choose one response to export as a Syntax Studio source. Only that text is included; reflections and model answers stay outside this export. Import and a composition fork remain explicit actions in Cursus.选择一项作答,导出为 Syntax Studio 的源文本。只包含所选文本,不含反思或例答。在 Cursus 中,导入及建立写作分支仍须明确操作。