Magalia · project directoryMagalia · 项目目录

Projects & connected collections项目与关联合集

Start with a collection, find a named tool, or browse the registered entry points below.从合集开始、查找具体工具，或浏览下方已登记的入口。

Connected collections关联合集

Choose a collection, then a reading, atlas or source view. Each keeps its own evidence and coverage.选择合集，再进入读本、图集或来源。各合集保留独立的证据与覆盖范围。

Follow a research task按研究任务进入

Read, analyze, return阅读、分析、返回

Read the discussion, select text in a reader, then inspect the proposed analysis. Save the annotation and use Return to reader to reopen its passage.先阅读讨论，再在读本中选择文本并检查候选分析。保存标注后，使用“返回读本”重新打开原段落。

  1. Reading guide阅读指南
  2. Cicero reader西塞罗读本
  3. Clausulae workbench句末节奏工作台
How the passage stays connected如何保持与原段落的联系
  1. Open the Cicero reader and choose a Divinatio section. Analyze selected ending opens your selection, or the section’s final words.打开西塞罗读本并选择《预审篇》的一节。“分析所选结尾”会打开所选文字；未选择时则打开本节末尾文字。
  2. Inspect the proposed reading and its evidence. Save annotation keeps it in this browser; Return to reader reopens the exact section.检查候选读法及其依据。“保存标注”将其保存在此浏览器中；“返回读本”会重新打开原节。
  3. The standalone workbench does not inherit a reader selection. Changed source text needs a new version; the analysis remains a proposal.单独打开工作台不会继承读本中的选区。修改原文须建立新版本；分析结果仍是候选方案。

Locate, check, compare定位、查证、比较

Explore Carthage, check its research sources, or compare credited figures across Ecology collections. Each view retains its own coverage and interpretation.探索迦太基、查阅其研究来源，或比较生态合集中注明出处的图像。各视图保留自己的覆盖范围与解释。

  1. Carthage atlas迦太基图集
  2. Research sources研究来源
  3. Compare figures比较图像
How to compare the evidence如何比较证据
  1. Start with a place in the Carthage atlas. Check its source and position notes before using its coordinates as evidence.从迦太基图集中的地点开始。使用坐标作为证据前，请检查来源与位置说明。
  2. Research sources opens the dated public copy. The evolving contribution and transfer service has its own review process.“研究来源”打开注明日期的公开副本。仍在开发的投稿与传输服务有独立的复核流程。
  3. Compare figures opens Ecology’s credited publication figures. It does not carry a Carthage selection or establish a correspondence between records.“比较图像”打开生态合集中的已署名出版图像，不携带迦太基选区，也不据此建立记录间的对应关系。

Find a project or tool查找项目或工具

113 registered destinations, plus 15 additional findings. These are entry points, not a count of distinct projects or historical records.113 个已登记目的地，另有 15 项分析发现。这些是入口数量，不是独立项目或历史记录数量。

Matches names, descriptions and registered keywords in this directory; source texts are not searched.匹配本目录的名称、简介与已登记关键词；不检索史料文本。

128 entry points

Library书库

  • Read Caesar’s commentaries beside ancient lives, with chronology, family connections, institutions and evidence-linked context; four shared reading routes return to Cicero World.战记与古代传记并读，关联编年、家族、制度与可查证的语境；四条共享阅读路线通向西塞罗世界。

  • Cicero Reader, with Woodcock syntax and Wheelock companion西塞罗读本，附伍德科克语法与惠洛克入门

  • Connect Cicero readers, biography, law, teaching and reception through shared resources and a source-grounded dossier of trial outcomes.以共享资源与核源诉讼结局档案连接西塞罗读本、生平、法律、教学与接受史。

  • the quaestio de repetundis of 70 BC as a juridical system: actors, statutes, the procedure from postulatio to litis aestimatio, 702 records with every Latin passage re-derived from Perseus, definitions, and what the evidence does not settle公元前 70 年勒索钱财案常设法庭作为一个制度系统：行为者、法律、从起诉申请到赔偿估定的程序流程、702 条证据记录（拉丁原文逐条自 Perseus 重取）、术语定义与存疑之处

  • Aesop's fables, interactive bilingual teaching edition伊索寓言，双语互动教学版

  • Apocolocyntosis — the Latin ∥ English parallel reader变瓠记 — 拉丁文与英文对照读本

  • Connect speeches, concepts and 50 legal instruments through dated, source-linked dossiers.通过有年代和文献依据的专题，连接演说、概念与50项法律文献。

  • explore a biographical timeline through checked Latin and Greek passages, compare the ancient accounts, return to the Divinatio course and browse Magalia's builds循已核对的拉丁与希腊史料探索生平年表，对读古代记述，转入预审演说课程，浏览籬廬项目

  • Full-text Greek–English readers of the ten canonical orators — section-navigable, side-by-side, speeches switchable in one reader per orator阿提卡十大演说家之希英读本：按章节导航，双栏对照，每位演说家一阅读器、诸篇可切换

  • civil in iure and in iudicio flows, authority, Rome/municipal/provincial comparison, 74 Latin and Chinese glossed nodes, 133 transition narratives, and all 78 contents annotations; linked to the Divinatio course民事两阶段流程、权限与罗马自治市行省比较，74个中拉文节点、133条过渡叙事与78项全卷目录注释，贯通预审演说课程

  • the histories reading family史学阅读家族

  • Legate under Dolabella, governor of Cilicia; later acting quaestor. Read the Latin with Chinese and source limits.任奇里乞亚总督多拉贝拉的副使，后受命充任代财务官；并读中拉文与证据限度。

  • the extortion law of the Tabula Bembina drawn line by line from the fragment extents and letter counts in Crawford's Roman Statutes — which letters stand on the bronze and which are restored, every line readable, the editors' rival widths compared (Mommsen over 400 letters, Mattingly about 375, Crawford about 340), with the supplements and translation behind the course password班比纳铜版之勒索追偿法，依克劳福德《罗马法律》所记残片范围与字数逐行作图：何字在铜上，何字出于推补，逐行可读；并比较蒙森、马丁利、克劳福德所定版宽；补字与英译凭本课口令显示

  • Find speeches, laws, offices, Verres events, Latin–Chinese contexts and 702 evidence records.查找演说、法律、职任、维雷斯案事件、中拉文段落与702条证据记录。

  • who was tied to whom in the trial of Verres: prosecution, defence, the court, the Sicilian communities and Rome at large, as 28 parties and 39 ties, each marked by the kind of evidence that carries it — Cicero's own speeches, Plutarch's Life, the extortion statute on bronze, the epigraphic record of the Sicilian cities in I.Sicily, or modern argument alone; with the institutional hurdles, the electoral calendar of 70 BC, and an explicit note on what this library does not hold维雷斯一案中何人与何人有谊：控方、辩方、法庭、西西里诸城以及罗马全局，凡二十八方、三十九条关系，各标其所据之证为何：西塞罗本人的演说、普鲁塔克的传记、刻于铜版的勒索罪法、I.Sicily 所收西西里诸城的石刻，抑或惟今人之辨；并列所遇制度之阻、公元前 70 年的选举历日，以及本站所无之证

  • a view of the trial page: six propositions about how the extortion court was built, the ten procedural stages each with the crux it leaves open, the eight statutes on one line with the lost lex Cornelia marked, the Sicilian communities in stone beside the same communities in the speeches, and three flagged points where a modern book contradicts what the records can show审判页中的一栏：关于勒索案法庭如何构成的六条论断、十个程序阶段及各自未决之要害、八部法律列于一线而标出已佚的科尔涅利乌斯法、石刻中的西西里诸城与演说中的同一批城邦对照，以及三处今人著作与记录相抵之点

  • Cicero's Divinatio in Q. Caecilium beside Yonge's translation, aligned sentence by sentence over the whole speech rather than section by section, because in 33 of the 73 sections the English begins in the middle of a sentence; every pairing carries how it was arrived at, which pairings merge sentences, which are uncertain, and the two places where the translator compresses a proper name away西塞罗《控凯基利乌斯预审篇》与 Yonge 英译逐句并列。因七十三节中有三十三节的英译起于句中，故对照就全篇一次求得，非逐节比对；每一对皆注明其所由来、何者合并数句、何者存疑，以及译者删去专名的两处

  • a view of the trial page: seventy-one ancient witnesses to the extortion court in the order of the events they attest, from the recuperatores of 171 BC to the Digest — the Gracchan statute on bronze, Appian and Plutarch on the transfer of the courts, the Divinatio and the Verrines, the senatus consultum Calvisianum on the stone at Cyrene, the senatorial trials in Tacitus and Pliny — every passage quoted at length in Latin or Greek and rendered section by section into Chinese审判页中的一栏：勒索钱财罪法庭的七十一条古代证据，按所记事件年代排列，自前 171 年的追偿审判员至《学说汇纂》：铜版法条、阿庇安与普鲁塔克所记审判权移转、预审篇与维勒斯诸辞、昔兰尼石上的《卡尔维西乌斯元老院决议》、塔西佗与小普林尼所记元老院诸案；每段拉丁文或希腊文长引原文，并逐节译为中文

  • Latin historians — Livy, Suetonius, Tacitus, Sallust, Caesar, Curtius, Ammianus — text + translation罗马拉丁史家（李维、苏维托尼乌斯、塔西佗、撒路斯提乌斯、凯撒、库尔提乌斯、阿米阿努斯）原文配译文

  • the 26 manuscript witnesses behind the text of the Verrines: the stemma, the two medieval families, each siglum with the authority for it and whether it carries the Divinatio, links to eleven libraries' facsimiles and IIIF manifests, the folio at which each book opens, and the sigla concordance across Peterson 1917, Reeve 2016 and Watson 2025维雷斯诸演说文本所依的 26 种抄本：系谱图、两个中世纪家族、各号所据权威与是否含预审篇、十一家图书馆的书影与 IIIF 清单、各卷起始叶，以及 Peterson 1917、Reeve 2016、Watson 2025 三家诸号对照

  • 22 dated or qualified events, source-linked process, alternative reconstructions and publication history.22项有日期或限度说明的事件，有据程序、不同复原及刊行史。

  • Twelve conduct episodes with long Latin/Greek contexts, Chinese translations and evidentiary distinctions.十二组行为事件，附长篇拉丁及希腊原文、中文翻译和证据区分。

  • Aesop's fables as a teaching edition伊索寓言互动教学

  • interactive Cicero with glossing, audio and a tutor互动西塞罗读本：注释、音频与导师

  • the whole Argumentum of the ancient scholia on Cicero's Divinatio in Q. Caecilium, in Stangl's edition (Vienna 1912): eight paragraphs given entire, each with the narration that places it and a sentence-by-sentence rendering into English and Chinese, including the three ancient explanations of why the procedure is called a divinatio, the only ancient summary of what Caecilius argued, and the classification of the speech as qualitas negotialis comparativa西塞罗《控凯基利乌斯预审篇》古注之提要全文，据斯坦格尔本（维也纳 1912 年）：凡八段全录，每段前后各系叙述以明其所在，并逐句译为英文与中文；其中包括古人对此程序何以名为预审的三说、凯基利乌斯所执之论的惟一一份古人提要，以及把本篇归为 qualitas negotialis comparativa 的断语

Epigraphy铭文

Governance治理文书

History & time历史与编年

  • Greek + Roman historians on one timeline (the temporal spine); dated inscriptions & editions hung off by year希腊与罗马史家同列一条时间脊柱（时间轴），下挂已系年的铭文与校勘本

  • The eponymous Roman consuls year by year (509 BCE–), the magistracy time-key linking prosopography (DPRR) to the chronology spine逐年罗马名年执政官（前509年起），连接人物志（DPRR）与编年脊柱的官职时间锚

Material culture物质文化

Computational计算与发现

Learn分级阅读

  • Read published clausulae discussions in the Divinatio and follow shared sections into Wavelab.阅读《预审篇》句末节奏的已发表讨论，并沿共享节次进入 Wavelab。

  • the 28-hour interactive Latin course on Caesar's De Bello Gallico凯撒《高卢战记》28 学时互动拉丁语课程

  • AP & OCR set-text reader with morphologyAP 与 OCR 指定篇目读本（含形态分析）

  • A core-vocabulary study tool (Dickinson DCC + per-author build-up tiers) and a medieval-Latin Libelli de Lite reading suite核心词汇学习工具（Dickinson DCC 核心 + 各作者递进词层）与中世纪拉丁《利贝利之争》阅读套件

  • Cicero's 35 surviving speeches on one year axis, each sized by how much of it survives and coloured by what he was doing — for a party, against a named man, or on a public question — with 70 BC drawn as the hinge: every speech before the Divinatio is a defence, the two of 70 are more than three times the whole decade behind them, and in the surviving corpus he prosecutes exactly once西塞罗存世三十五篇演说列于一条年代轴上，柱高为存世节数，颜色为其身份：为人辩护、指斥其人、论国事；以公元前 70 年为分界。此前诸篇无一不是辩护，前 70 年两篇合计逾其前十年存世总量三倍；存世全集之中，他提起公诉仅此一次

  • CursusCursus · 课程练习Separate course / edition workspace独立的课程／版本工作空间

    Sign in for course practice, live class activities and feedback.登录课程练习、课堂活动与反馈。

  • Plan two editable sixteen-week verse sequences, preserve exact book-and-line readings, keep original teaching witnesses separate, and export draft tasks and handouts.规划两套可编辑的十六周诗歌教学序列，保留准确卷次与诗行，区分原教学材料，导出任务草案及讲义。

  • Plan sixteen editable weeks from Caesar's Civil War, keep source readings distinct from teaching adaptations, and export draft tasks and handouts.以凯撒《内战记》规划十六个可编辑教学周，区分史料原文与教学改写，导出任务草稿和讲义。

  • Compare two editable sixteen-week Gallic War proposals with source readings, shared references and draft task exports; the original 28 authored teaching hours remain separate.比较两套可编辑的十六周高卢战记教学方案，结合史料原文、共享参考与任务草稿导出；既有28学时教学内容保持独立。

  • plan a text-based vocabulary contest grounded in authentic passages: a 1,769-entry Beginner foundation in each language, then a provisional 250-entry extension selected for breadth across author corpora以真实文本为依据规划拉丁语与古希腊语词汇竞赛：每种语言初级组拟设 1,769 项，再按作者语料覆盖广度暂增 250 项

  • the autumn 2026 Latin reading course: 29 dated meetings, Woodcock chapter by chapter over the 73 sections, each meeting linked to the Verrines reader, the Woodcock page, the trial system, the manuscripts, the Wave Lab and the vocabulary load2026 年秋拉丁文阅读课：29 次课，按伍德科克章节逐节读完 73 节，每次课链接维勒斯读本、伍德科克、审判制度页、抄本、波形实验室与词汇负荷

  • An annotated bibliography of the works behind the Divinatio course: editions, commentaries and studies, each with a note on what it is and where the course uses it.本课所据西塞罗文献之提要书目：各条依其扉页著录，并附提要，说明该书为何、论及《预审辞》何节、讲义何周引用

  • Connect the Cicero library by cited Divinatio sections, themes, co-citation and date, with the extraction basis and written or computed annotation status visible for each record.按《预审篇》被引段落、主题、共引与年代关联西塞罗书库，各条显示提取依据及编写或计算提要的状态。

  • the words the Divinatio in Caecilium uses in a technical sense in the extortion court — what each means there rather than in ordinary Latin, and every passage that carries it, in the speech and across the Verrines《预审辞》在追赃法庭中作技术用语之词：各词在该庭之义，而非日常之义，并列出其在本篇及《维勒斯案》全部出处

  • the formal structure of Cicero's Divinatio in Caecilium: the genre's own quaestiones as Quintilian gives them, four published divisions into partes orationis laid out to scale so their disagreement about where proof turns to refutation is visible, the cruces that make it real, and nineteen long passages from Heitland, Sternkopf, Stroh, Watson, Quintilian, Gellius and Victorinus西塞罗《预审篇》之章法：昆体良所记此体常问、四家分段按节比例并列以见立论何时转为驳论之异说、其所以为异之疑难，以及 Heitland、Sternkopf、Stroh、Watson、昆体良、革利乌斯、维克托里努斯等十九条长篇原文

  • every word of Cicero's Divinatio in Caecilium counted from the text and sorted into working lists: the 465 headwords beyond the DCC core 1000, the words that carry more weight here than anywhere else in Cicero, the recurring verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs, the repeated phrases and legal formulae, the people the speech names, and the rhetorical figures the commentary identifies section by section, each entry opening on the sentence where the word first stands西塞罗《预审篇》全篇词汇，皆自原文统计并分列成表：核心千词之外的 465 个词目、于西塞罗诸篇中独在此篇分量为重之词、常见动词名词形容词副词、重复出现的词组与法律定式、篇中所提人物，以及逐节注释所指出的修辞之法；每条皆可展开，见其首见之句

  • Find ancient reception evidence by course meeting or Cicero passage.按课次或西塞罗原作段落查阅古代接受材料。

  • a medieval-Latin vocabulary curriculum, SRS trainer and assessment suite for the CMS core and the Libelli de Lite corpus面向 CMS 核心词表与《Libelli de Lite》语料的中世纪拉丁词汇课程、间隔复习与测验工具

  • a teaching deck of the same vocabulary in small groups, with Chinese and English definitions and the passages behind each word同一语汇之课堂讲义，分组呈现，中英释义并列，各词皆附出处

Grammar语法

  • Greek and Latin compared across syntax, morphology, semantics, pragmatics and vocabulary — 130 comparanda anchored on Smyth (Greek) and Woodcock (Latin), grounded in Whiton, Sihler, Pinkster, Mason and Oniga (the case correspondences, aorist↔perfect, the article, ὕπατος≈consul)希腊语与拉丁语在句法、形态、语义、语用、词汇五个维度的比较：130 条比较项，锚定于 Smyth（希腊）与 Woodcock（拉丁），依据 Whiton、Sihler、Pinkster、Mason、Oniga（格的对应、不定过去时↔完成时、冠词、ὕπατος≈执政官）

  • the full interactive Smyth (1920) — all 3048 numbered §§ of Greek phonology, morphology and syntax (the genitive absolute, conditions, the moods, the participle), the Greek companion to Woodcock; wired into the Greek readers完整互动版 Smyth(1920)：希腊语音、形态与句法全部 3048 节（属格独立结构、条件句、语气、分词等）,Woodcock 的希腊语对应参考，并已接入希腊文读本

  • Open the numbered sections and cited examples in Woodcock's Latin syntax reference.按编号查阅 Woodcock 拉丁语句法参考中的节次与引例。

  • a comparative table pairing each construction across the languages — its Latin authority (Woodcock §§ / Wheelock ch.) beside its Greek counterpart (Smyth §§): ablative absolute ∥ genitive absolute, acc.+inf. ∥ infinitive in indirect discourse, and more跨语言构式对照表：每个构式的拉丁语依据（Woodcock §§ / Wheelock 章）与希腊语对应（Smyth §§）并列；独立夺格 ∥ 属格独立结构、宾格加不定式 ∥ 间接引语不定式等

Composition散文写作

Ancient ecology古代生态

Reception接受史

Site guides & reference全站指南与参考

Additional analytical findings其他分析发现