Reading desk阅读桌

Cicero in manuscripts抄本中的西塞罗

Speeches, letters and other works: source-qualified manuscript records, library images and named Latin reference editions. The Verrines census is the starting point of an expanding collection.演说、书信与其他著作：附来源的抄本记录、馆藏图像与指名拉丁参考版本。以维雷斯演说普查为起点，持续扩展抄本集。

Explore digital manuscripts →探索数字抄本 →Open the reading desk打开对读桌Check coverage and evidence查阅范围与证据

Trials案件

  1. 80 BCE公元前80年Sextus Roscius · parricide塞克斯图斯·罗斯基乌斯 · 弑父案Defence advocate辩护人 Defence success reported据报辩护成功 Pro S. Roscio Amerino
  2. 70 BCE公元前70年Verres · provincial extortion维雷斯 · 行省勒索案Prosecutor控告者 Conviction reported据报定罪 Divinatio in Q. Caecilium In C. Verrem
  3. 61 BCE公元前61年Clodius · Bona Dea trial克洛狄乌斯 · 善女神案Witness证人 Acquittal reported据报开释
  4. 56 BCE公元前56年Sestius · public violence塞斯提乌斯 · 暴力案Defence advocate辩护人 Acquittal reported据报开释 Pro P. Sestio Against Vatinius
  5. 54 BCE公元前54年Gabinius · first proceeding加比尼乌斯 · 首案Witness证人 Acquittal reported据报开释
  6. 54 BCE公元前54年Gabinius · subsequent conviction加比尼乌斯 · 后案定罪Defence advocate辩护人 Conviction reported据报定罪
  7. 52 BCE公元前52年Milo · killing of Clodius米洛 · 杀害克洛狄乌斯案Defence advocate辩护人 Conviction reported据报定罪 Pro T. Annio Milone
  8. 46 BCE公元前46年Ligarius · appeal to Caesar利加里乌斯 · 向凯撒求情Advocate for clemency求情人 Release / clemency解除指控／宽赦 Pro Q. Ligario
  9. Date uncertain年份不详Quintus Roscius · civil dispute昆图斯·罗斯基乌斯 · 民事争议Defence advocate辩护人 Outcome not recorded结局未见记载 Pro Q. Roscio Comoedo

A passage原文

Sestius noster absolutus est a. d. v Idus Martias et, quod vehementer interfuit rei publicae nullam videri in eius modi causa dissensionem esse, omnibus sententiis absolutus est.

Cicero, Ad Quintum fratrem 2.4.1 · the Sestius acquittal, March 56 BCE塞斯提乌斯获释，公元前56年3月

The whole passage全段原文The trial此案

Passages史料

  • Cicero, Q. fr. 2.4.1 Latin · 拉丁文 Sestius: unanimity, gratitude and the attack on Vatinius塞斯提乌斯：全票、报恩与攻击瓦提尼乌斯
  • Cicero, Q. fr. 2.3.5 Latin · 拉丁文 The accusations before the acquittal开释以前的指控
  • Cicero, Pro Sestio 86–92 Latin · 拉丁文 When courts fail: the defence’s argument for armed protection法庭失效时：为武装自卫所作的辩论
  • Cassius Dio, Roman History 40.54.1–4 Greek · 希腊文 Milo: conviction and the later speech米洛：定罪与后成的演说
  • Plutarch, Cicero 35.4 Greek · 希腊文 A biographer evaluates courage and loyalty传记作者评判勇气与友谊
  • Cassius Dio, Roman History 39.63.1–5 Greek · 希腊文 Gabinius: a second proceeding ends differently加比尼乌斯：另案结局相反
  • Cicero, Q. fr. 3.4.1–2 Latin · 拉丁文 An acquittal Cicero resents西塞罗不满的一次开释
  • Cicero, Q. fr. 3.9.1 Latin · 拉丁文 Cicero describes his role as witness西塞罗自述作证角色
  • Cicero, Att. 1.16.5–6 Latin · 拉丁文 Clodius: the witness rejects the verdict’s meaning克洛狄乌斯：证人拒绝接受裁决的意义
  • Plutarch, Cicero 3.4 Greek · 希腊文 Roscius of Ameria: a defence remembered as a success阿梅里亚的罗斯基乌斯：被记为成功的辩护
  • Plutarch, Cicero 8.1 Greek · 希腊文 Verres: conviction and disputed consequences维雷斯：定罪及有争议的后果
  • Cicero, Pro Ligario 29–30 Latin · 拉丁文 Asking Caesar for mercy向凯撒请求宽恕
  • Plutarch, Cicero 39.5–6 Greek · 希腊文 The later story of Caesar moved by Cicero西塞罗打动凯撒的后世故事
  • Cicero, Pro Q. Roscio Comoedo 2 Latin · 拉丁文 Accounts and a civil dispute: no recorded outcome账簿与民事争议：结局未见记载

Speeches by year演说编年

Underlined: a speech from one of the trials above.加下划线者：属于上列诉讼的演说。

Builds读本

All 62 Cicero builds →全部 62 个西塞罗读本 →

Terms, laws, years, passages, people and places术语、法律、年份、原文、人物与地点

A page for each that two or more builds hold, gathering them.凡两个以上读本共有者，各设一页，汇集其所在。

Latest changes最近更改

  • 2026-10-30 Consuls by year执政官年表 Extends the source-qualified consular register through 120 CE, fills selected earlier coverage gaps and revises the 30, 23 and 20 BCE entries from the cited editions. The 13 CE gap, disputed readings and partial suffect coverage remain explicit.执政官名表据所引版本扩展至公元120年，补入若干较早缺年，并重订公元前30、23、20年的条目；公元13年的缺环、异读及补任执政官名录不完整的限制仍明确保留。
  • 2026-10-30 An extortion trial as a system勒索案审判的制度与程序 Standardizes three Greenidge references to printed-page citations; passage identities and existing key links are unchanged.三处格林尼奇引注统一采用印本页码，篇章标识及既有索引链接不变。
  • 2026-10-03 An extortion trial as a system勒索案审判的制度与程序 Copy-specific locator metadata removed; printed citations and original texts retained.移除副本特定定位元数据；保留印刷页码引文与原文。
  • 2026-10-01 historiae-latina/caesar-world/index.htmlhistoriae-latina/caesar-world/index.html Caesar World declares the three Caesarian speeches and nine shared Dio sections, with edition-specific passage keys and explicit chapter destinations.凯撒世界登记三篇凯撒相关演说及九个共享狄奥小节，保留版本特定段落键并明确篇章目的地。
  • 2026-09-24 Terms, laws, years, passages, people and places术语、法律、年份、原文、人物与地点 The site’s gazetteer joins the index: for each place the Cicero builds key, the site pages it lists as holding that place (Rome, Athens and Rhodes have such pages today).本站地名表加入索引：凡西塞罗读本所标之地，其所列持有该地的站内页面一并登记（目前罗马、雅典、罗得岛有此类页面）。

All changes全部更改