TRIAL · 诉讼
Gabinius · first proceeding加比尼乌斯 · 首案
54 BCE公元前54年Witness证人Acquittal reported据报开释
How to assess this result如何评估此结果 magalia’s description本站描述
An acquittal Cicero opposed: 32 votes to condemn out of 70, according to his letter. He explains declining the prosecution and identifies himself as a witness.西塞罗反对的开释：其信称70票中32票定罪。他解释未承任起诉，并自述作证。
This proceeding is separate from the later repetundae trial, in which Cicero defended Gabinius. In this letter the conviction on repetundae is still a forecast.此案与后来西塞罗为加比尼乌斯辩护的勒索案是两次诉讼；信中所说勒索案定罪，此时仍只是预测。
What this establishes about precedent判例问题：证据能说明什么
No adopted general rule established by the assembled evidence.现有证据未能确立法庭采纳了一般规则。
Evidence and its surroundings证据及其上下文
An acquittal Cicero resents西塞罗不满的一次开释
Before the selection选段之前
This letter opens with news of the first verdict. Cicero’s hostility gives access to contemporary reception of an unwelcome result.此信开头即报首案结果。西塞罗的敌意让我们得见时人如何理解不合己意的裁决。
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3.4.1Gabinius absolutus est. omnino nihil accusatore Lentulo subscriptoribusque eius infantius, nihil illo consilio sordidius. sed tamen nisi incredibilis contentio, preces Pompei, dictaturae etiam rumor plenus timoris fuisset, ipsi Lentulo non respondisset, qui tamen illo accusatore illoque consilio sententiis condemnatus sit xxxii cum lxx tulissent est omnino tam gravi fama hoc iudicium ut videatur reliquis iudiciis periturus et maxime de pecuniis repetundis. sed vides nullam esse rem publicam, nullum senatum, nulla iudicia, nullam in ullo nostrum dignitatem. quid plura de iudicibus? duo praetorii sederunt, Domitius Calvinus (is aperte absolvit ut omnes viderent) et Cato (is diribitis tabellis de circulo se subduxit et Pompeio primus nuntiavit). aiunt non nulli ut Sallustius me oportuisse accusare.Source unit XML · 来源单元3.4.2his ego iudicibus committerem? quid essem, si me agente esset elapsus? sed me alia moverunt non putasset sibi Pompeius de illius salute sed de sua dignitate mecum esse certamen ; in urbem introisset ; ad inimicitias res venisset ; cum Aesernino Samnite Pacideianus comparatus viderer ; auriculam fortasse mordicus abstulisset, cum Clodio quidem certe redisset in gratiam. ego vero meum consilium, si praesertim tu non improbas, vehementer adprobo. ille cum a me singularibus meis studiis ornatus esset cumque ego illi nihil deberem, ille mihi omnia, tamen in re publica me a se dissentientem non tulit (nihil dicam gravius) et minus potens eo tempore quid in me florentem posset ostendit ; nunc cum ego ne curem quidem multum posse, res publica certe nihil possit, unus ille omnia possit, cum illo ipso contenderem? sic enim faciendum fuisset. non existimo, te putare id mihi suscipiendum fuisse.Source unit XML · 来源单元Also in · 亦见: An extortion trial as a system · 勒索案审判的制度与程序 cites · 引用
Editorial summary编辑摘要
Cicero reports Gabinius’ acquittal, with 32 votes to condemn among 70 votes cast, attacks the prosecution and jury, and explains why he did not prosecute. His expectation of failure at a future repetundae trial is still a forecast here.西塞罗记加比尼乌斯获释，70票中32票定罪；他攻击控方与陪审团，并解释自己何以未任起诉。关于后来勒索案败诉的说法，在此时仍是预测。
After the selection选段之后
In 3.4.3 Cicero answers Sallustius’ alternative suggestion that he should have defended Gabinius for Pompey’s sake. He invokes lasting disgrace and recalls his own forceful testimony. The following paragraph confirms how role and reputation matter to this letter.3.4.3 中西塞罗回应萨卢斯提乌斯的另一建议：为庞培而替加比尼乌斯辩护。他谈到永久的恶名，并回顾自己的严正证言。下文由此表明，诉讼角色与名誉正是此信的关切。
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3.4.3'alterutrum,' inquit idem Sallustius, 'defendisses idque Pompeio contendenti dedisses; etenim vehementer orabat.' Lepidum is amicum Sallustium, qui mihi aut inimicitias putet periculosas subeundas fuisse aut infamiam sempiternam! ego vero hac mediocritate delector, ac mihi illud iucundum est quod, cum testimonium secundum fidem et religionem gravissime dixissem, reus dixit, si in civitate licuisset sibi esse, mihi se satis facturum, neque me quicquam interrogavit.Source unit XML · 来源单元This was not a lost defence brief by Cicero. Vote counts are reported by an interested contemporary, not preserved ballot records.这不是西塞罗辩护败诉；票数来自利害相关的时人报告，并非存世选票。
Edition, reuse and extraction版本、复用与提取
Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University; Cicero. Ciceronis, M. Tullius. Epistulae, Vol. III. Purser, Louis Claude, editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1901.
Perseus repository · 语料库 · CC BY-SA 4.0
Whitespace normalized; notes separated; deletions ⟦ ⟧ and additions/supplements ⟨ ⟩ marked; gaps explicit; no ancient wording supplied.
Cicero describes his role as witness西塞罗自述作证角色
Before the selection选段之前
The letter responds to Quintus’ suggestions about Gabinius. Read it alongside the account of declining to prosecute.此信回应昆图斯关于加比尼乌斯的建议，应与不承任起诉的自述并读。
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3.9.1de Gabinio nihil fuit faciendum istorum quae a te amantissime cogitata sunt. Τότε μοι χάνοι—! feci summa cum gravitate, ut omnes sentiunt, et summa cum lenitate quae feci. illum neque ursi neque levavi, testis vehemens fui, praeterea quievi. exitum iudici foedum et perniciosum levissime tuli; quod quidem bonum mihi nunc denique redundat, ut his malis rei publicae licentiaque audacium, qua ante rumpebar, nunc ne movear quidem. nihil est enim perditius his hominibus, his temporibus.Source unit XML · 来源单元Editorial summary编辑摘要
Cicero says he was a forceful witness and otherwise stayed quiet; he also reports his reaction to the result.西塞罗说自己激烈作证，此后不再行动，并谈及自己面对结果的反应。
After the selection选段之后
The next paragraph turns to books, study, leisure, villas and the children, then to Milo’s pursuit of the consulship and his finances. Cicero’s withdrawal from one contest coexists with continued investment in another.下段转入书籍、学问、闲暇、别墅与孩子，继而谈米洛竞选执政官及其财务。西塞罗从一个争端退身，并未停止投入另一个。
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3.9.2itaque ex re publica quoniam nihil iam voluptatis capi potest, cur stomacher nescio. Litterae me et studia nostra et otium villaeque delectant maximeque pueri nostri. angit unus Milo. sed velim finem adferat consulatus ; in quo enitar non minus quam sum enisus in nostro tuque istinc, quod facis, adiuvabis. de quo cetera, nisi plane vis eripuerit, recte sunt ; de re familiari timeo. ὁ δὲ μαίνεται οὐκ ἔτ' ἀνεκτῶς, qui ludus HS †cccↃ† comparet. cuius in hoc uno inconsiderantiam et ego sustinebo ut potero, et tu ut possis est tuorum nervorum.Source unit XML · 来源单元Cicero’s role differs between the two Gabinius trials: a witness in this one, counsel for the defence in the later trial for repetundae. The Greek words and the punctuation are printed as in Purser’s edition.西塞罗在两次加比尼乌斯案中角色不同：此案作证，后来的勒索案则为其辩护。希腊引句与标点均照 Purser 本。
Edition, reuse and extraction版本、复用与提取
Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University; Cicero. Ciceronis, M. Tullius. Epistulae, Vol. III. Purser, Louis Claude, editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1901.
Perseus repository · 语料库 · CC BY-SA 4.0
Whitespace normalized; notes separated; deletions ⟦ ⟧ and additions/supplements ⟨ ⟩ marked; gaps explicit; no ancient wording supplied.
Continue in the builds转入关联读本
The cases Cicero took西塞罗所任讼案Cicero’s life through its sources循史料读西塞罗生平Corpus & Law演说与法律Cicero’s ancient readers西塞罗的古代读者