The legal vocabulary of the Divinatio《预审辞》法律语汇
45 words that carry legal, procedural or juridical weight in this speech. Each is given the sense it bears in the court de pecuniis repetundis — not its ordinary sense — and then every passage in which it stands: 488 in the Divinatio, 4853 in the Verrines.本篇中具法律、程序或审判意义之语词 45 条。各条所释，为其在追赃法庭中之义，而非日常之义；其后列出所有出处：《预审辞》488 处，《维勒斯案》4853 处。
The words are chosen by hand; the passages are not. Every locus was found by searching the Latin of the 73-section Divinatio and the 974 sections of the Verrines that the readers carry, so a reference here can be opened and checked. Where the Verrine loci are many, the first six are shown.语词由人择定，出处则否。所有出处皆自读本所载之拉丁原文检得：《预审辞》73 节、《维勒斯案》974 节，故此处所引皆可覆按。《维勒斯案》出处过多者，仅列前六。
The court and the chargeWho may prosecute: the divinatioThe persons of the trialOpening a caseProof and witnessesThe wrong chargedJudgment and what followsConduct of the advocatethe slides讲义幻灯
The court and the charge 法庭与罪名 10
| word词 | what it means in this court在此法庭中的意思 | where it stands出处 |
|---|---|---|
| causa, -ae f.Div. 59× · Verr. 315× | The case at law — the matter in dispute, the pleading of it, and the ground on which a party stands.案件：所争之事、对其之主张，以及一方所据之理由。 | Div. §§ 1–2, 6, 9–12, 14, 17, 19–21, 23–27, 35, 37, 39, 41, 44–45, 47, 50–51, 54–55, 59–65, 71–73 · Verr. 1 1.1.2, 1.1.8, 1.1.9, 1.1.13, 1.1.15, 1.1.18… · Verr. 2.1 2.1.6, 2.1.14, 2.1.15, 2.1.16, 2.1.21, 2.1.23… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.10, 2.2.13, 2.2.15, 2.2.20… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.1, 2.3.3, 2.3.7, 2.3.10, 2.3.11, 2.3.12… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.2, 2.4.4, 2.4.6, 2.4.7, 2.4.10, 2.4.17… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.1, 2.5.3, 2.5.7, 2.5.10, 2.5.14, 2.5.15… |
| iūdicium, -ī n.Div. 30× · Verr. 285× | A trial before a court, and by extension the whole judicial process; iudicia publica are the criminal trials of the standing courts.法庭上之审判，引申指整个审判程序；iudicia publica 即常设法庭所审之公诉案件。 | Div. §§ 6, 8–9, 11–12, 14, 24–28, 32–33, 35, 43–44, 47–49, 56, 65, 69, 71 · Verr. 1 1.1.1, 1.1.2, 1.1.3, 1.1.5, 1.1.7, 1.1.8… · Verr. 2.1 2.1.1, 2.1.5, 2.1.6, 2.1.9, 2.1.11, 2.1.12… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.1, 2.2.26, 2.2.27, 2.2.30, 2.2.31, 2.2.32… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.1, 2.3.3, 2.3.26, 2.3.27, 2.3.28, 2.3.29… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.8, 2.4.13, 2.4.17, 2.4.22, 2.4.25, 2.4.33… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.3, 2.5.4, 2.5.19, 2.5.20, 2.5.31, 2.5.37… |
| prōvincia, -ae f.Div. 20× · Verr. 257× | The sphere of a magistrate's command, and so the province he governs and may be tried for despoiling.官员职权之范围，故指其所治之行省；掠夺行省即为受审之由。 | Div. §§ 2–5, 7, 11, 13–14, 19, 21, 27, 29, 31, 37, 54, 61, 63, 65 · Verr. 1 1.1.2, 1.1.5, 1.1.11, 1.1.12, 1.1.16, 1.1.27… · Verr. 2.1 2.1.10, 2.1.16, 2.1.17, 2.1.21, 2.1.27, 2.1.34… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3, 2.2.5, 2.2.6, 2.2.7… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.11, 2.3.12, 2.3.16, 2.3.17, 2.3.21, 2.3.22… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.1, 2.4.2, 2.4.6, 2.4.8, 2.4.9, 2.4.10… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.1, 2.5.7, 2.5.8, 2.5.12, 2.5.14, 2.5.15… |
| lēx, lēgis f.Div. 17× · Verr. 265× | The statute that creates the court, defines the offence and fixes the procedure; a prosecution exists only so far as a lex allows it.创设法庭、界定罪行、规定程序之法律；起诉之权限，唯法律所许者为限。 | Div. §§ 11, 17–19, 21, 27, 34–35, 65, 68, 70 · Verr. 1 1.1.2, 1.1.13, 1.1.41, 1.1.46, 1.1.51, 1.1.56 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.4, 2.1.10, 2.1.16, 2.1.25, 2.1.26, 2.1.27… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.8, 2.2.15, 2.2.24, 2.2.26, 2.2.31, 2.2.32… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.1, 2.3.5, 2.3.12, 2.3.14, 2.3.15, 2.3.16… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.9, 2.4.17, 2.4.30, 2.4.34, 2.4.54, 2.4.56… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.4, 2.5.28, 2.5.45, 2.5.46, 2.5.52, 2.5.53… |
| iūs, iūris n.Div. 12× · Verr. 168× | Law as a body of right and the rights it confers; in a procedural sense, the competence or entitlement a party has.法与权利之总体；就程序而言，指当事人所具之资格或权限。 | Div. §§ 11, 17–19, 21, 37, 54, 62, 65, 69 · Verr. 1 1.1.2, 1.1.12, 1.1.13, 1.1.53 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.7, 2.1.13, 2.1.18, 2.1.25, 2.1.54, 2.1.57… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.9, 2.2.16, 2.2.31, 2.2.32, 2.2.36, 2.2.38… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.6, 2.3.7, 2.3.12, 2.3.15, 2.3.17, 2.3.20… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.18, 2.4.20, 2.4.26, 2.4.101, 2.4.104, 2.4.112… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.2, 2.5.4, 2.5.19, 2.5.27, 2.5.31, 2.5.34… |
| rēs pūblicaDiv. 8× · Verr. 90× | The commonwealth as a legal person: the interest in whose name a public prosecution is brought.作为法律人格之共同体：公诉即以其名义而提起。 | Div. §§ 6–9, 64, 70–71 · Verr. 1 1.1.1, 1.1.3, 1.1.27, 1.1.34, 1.1.36 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.4, 2.1.5, 2.1.15, 2.1.18, 2.1.20, 2.1.21… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.1, 2.2.5, 2.2.6, 2.2.28, 2.2.112, 2.2.113… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.1, 2.3.2, 2.3.14, 2.3.21, 2.3.38, 2.3.42… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.20, 2.4.61, 2.4.108, 2.4.124 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.2, 2.5.4, 2.5.12, 2.5.22, 2.5.34, 2.5.38… |
| potestās, -ātis f.Div. 7× · Verr. 71× | Lawful authority or the opportunity the law affords — the power to do a thing as of right.合法之权能，或法律所予之机会：得依权利而为某事。 | Div. §§ 8, 21, 32, 35, 45, 54, 63 · Verr. 1 1.1.19, 1.1.20, 1.1.28, 1.1.37, 1.1.38, 1.1.44… · Verr. 2.1 2.1.15, 2.1.22, 2.1.26, 2.1.72, 2.1.80, 2.1.97… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.30, 2.2.33, 2.2.34, 2.2.67, 2.2.77, 2.2.120… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.19, 2.3.32, 2.3.35, 2.3.122, 2.3.140, 2.3.148… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.9, 2.4.10, 2.4.14, 2.4.32, 2.4.44, 2.4.49… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.21, 2.5.65, 2.5.83, 2.5.98, 2.5.104, 2.5.111… |
| pecūniae repetundaeDiv. 4× · Verr. 17× | 'Money to be recovered': the charge of extortion by a magistrate in office, and the name of the court that hears it. The phrase de pecuniis repetundis is the formal designation of both.所谓应追还之款：控告在任官员勒索取财之罪名，亦即受理此罪之法庭名。de pecuniis repetundis 一语兼指罪名与法庭。 | Div. §§ 10–11, 17, 65 · Verr. 1 1.1.21, 1.1.27, 1.1.38, 1.1.41, 1.1.42, 1.1.51 · Verr. 2.2 2.2.15, 2.2.27, 2.2.142 · Verr. 2.3 2.3.130, 2.3.195, 2.3.222 · Verr. 2.4 2.4.17, 2.4.56, 2.4.82 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.45, 2.5.126 |
| imperium, -ī n.Div. 1× · Verr. 95× | The power of command a magistrate holds, within which his acts are official and for which he answers when it ends.官员所持之统治权；其行止在此权之内为公务，权终则须为之负责。 | Div. §§ 69 · Verr. 1 1.1.13, 1.1.37, 1.1.53 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.14, 2.1.55, 2.1.74, 2.1.79, 2.1.82 · Verr. 2.2 2.2.2, 2.2.3, 2.2.8, 2.2.14, 2.2.26, 2.2.51… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.13, 2.3.15, 2.3.25, 2.3.45, 2.3.66, 2.3.71… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.7, 2.4.8, 2.4.10, 2.4.14, 2.4.20, 2.4.25… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.8, 2.5.33, 2.5.34, 2.5.39, 2.5.40, 2.5.41… |
| iūdicium pūblicumDiv. 1× · Verr. 0× | Public, that is criminal, business: iudicia publica are the trials of the standing courts, opposed to private suits.公之事，即刑事：iudicia publica 指常设法庭所审之案，与私诉相对。 | Div. §§ 1 |
Who may prosecute: the divinatio 谁得起诉：预审之争 3
| word词 | what it means in this court在此法庭中的意思 | where it stands出处 |
|---|---|---|
| necessitūdō, -inis f.Div. 7× · Verr. 10× | A binding tie of obligation between persons or communities; the ground on which one man rather than another may claim to prosecute.人与人、邦与邦之间之义务纽带；某人得优先起诉之依据即在于此。 | Div. §§ 6, 14, 46, 59–61, 63 · Verr. 1 1.1.11 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.37, 2.1.39, 2.1.41 · Verr. 2.2 2.2.27, 2.2.115 · Verr. 2.4 2.4.145 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.125, 2.5.139, 2.5.176 |
| voluntās, -ātis f.Div. 7× · Verr. 82× | The declared wish of the injured party — whom the Sicilians want as their prosecutor, which the court is asked to weigh.受害方所表明之意愿：西西里人愿以何人为其起诉者，法庭须权衡之。 | Div. §§ 1, 11–12, 16, 24, 27, 34 · Verr. 1 1.1.2, 1.1.10, 1.1.26, 1.1.29, 1.1.34, 1.1.45 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.5, 2.1.10, 2.1.20, 2.1.29, 2.1.35, 2.1.41… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.11, 2.2.33, 2.2.44, 2.2.46, 2.2.51, 2.2.95… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.2, 2.3.3, 2.3.6, 2.3.7, 2.3.13, 2.3.37… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.14, 2.4.25, 2.4.43, 2.4.67, 2.4.133, 2.4.139… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.35, 2.5.72, 2.5.130, 2.5.180, 2.5.182 |
| postulāreDiv. 5× · Verr. 73× | To apply formally to the praetor for something the court must grant — here, for the conduct of the prosecution.向裁判官正式申请须由法庭准许之事；此处即申请担任起诉之人。 | Div. §§ 8, 34, 49, 62, 64 · Verr. 1 1.1.6 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.15, 2.1.30, 2.1.60, 2.1.65, 2.1.85, 2.1.92… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.10, 2.2.38, 2.2.44, 2.2.59, 2.2.60, 2.2.90… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.4, 2.3.7, 2.3.18, 2.3.26, 2.3.28, 2.3.29… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.44, 2.4.82, 2.4.101, 2.4.137, 2.4.138, 2.4.139… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.76, 2.5.105, 2.5.111, 2.5.117, 2.5.138, 2.5.141… |
The persons of the trial 诉讼中的各方 8
| word词 | what it means in this court在此法庭中的意思 | where it stands出处 |
|---|---|---|
| iūdex, -icis m.Div. 22× · Verr. 419× | A juror of the panel that decides the case; in address, 'gentlemen of the jury'. Under the lex in force the album was drawn from the senatorial order.陪审团成员，判定案件之人；称呼时即诸位陪审。依当时之法，陪审名册取自元老阶层。 | Div. §§ 1–2, 4–5, 8, 10–11, 14, 16, 21, 23, 27, 37, 42–43, 54, 58, 63, 71, 73 · Verr. 1 1.1.1, 1.1.2, 1.1.3, 1.1.5, 1.1.8, 1.1.10… · Verr. 2.1 2.1.1, 2.1.2, 2.1.4, 2.1.5, 2.1.6, 2.1.10… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.6, 2.2.7, 2.2.11, 2.2.13… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.1, 2.3.3, 2.3.5, 2.3.10, 2.3.11, 2.3.12… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.1, 2.4.6, 2.4.7, 2.4.10, 2.4.15, 2.4.16… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.3, 2.5.11, 2.5.19, 2.5.21… |
| quaestor, -ōris m.Div. 22× · Verr. 52× | The junior magistrate attached to a governor with charge of the provincial treasury; the office creates a tie of duty between him and the province, which is the ground of Cicero's standing here.随总督赴任、掌行省财赋之低阶官员；此职在其与行省之间结成职分之谊，正是西塞罗此处资格之所本。 | Div. §§ 2, 4, 32–33, 46, 55–57, 59–63, 65 · Verr. 1 1.1.11 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.11, 2.1.15, 2.1.16, 2.1.17, 2.1.34, 2.1.37… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.11, 2.2.12, 2.2.22, 2.2.25, 2.2.44, 2.2.156… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.6, 2.3.18, 2.3.123, 2.3.134, 2.3.168, 2.3.177… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.74, 2.4.93, 2.4.146 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.35, 2.5.63, 2.5.83, 2.5.114, 2.5.136 |
| āctor, -ōris m.Div. 14× · Verr. 4× | The party who conducts the case in court — here the one of two applicants who will actually plead; the word measures fitness to plead rather than the right to be heard.在庭上实际主张之人；此处指二申请人中将真正出庭者。此词所衡量者为出庭之能，而非受理之权。 | Div. §§ 1, 4, 10–12, 14, 19, 22, 28, 48, 54, 65 · Verr. 1 1.1.2 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.10 · Verr. 2.4 2.4.70 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.179 |
| accūsātor, -ōris m.Div. 8× · Verr. 50× | The prosecutor: the private citizen who lays the charge and conducts the case, there being no public prosecutor at Rome.起诉人：罗马无公设检察官，控告与举证皆由提出控告之私人为之。 | Div. §§ 8, 10, 29, 49, 51, 61 · Verr. 1 1.1.3, 1.1.29, 1.1.30, 1.1.36, 1.1.39 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.4, 2.1.24, 2.1.25, 2.1.26, 2.1.30, 2.1.52… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.1, 2.2.11, 2.2.68, 2.2.69, 2.2.70, 2.2.78… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.4, 2.3.126, 2.3.130, 2.3.141 · Verr. 2.4 2.4.45, 2.4.53, 2.4.69, 2.4.82, 2.4.104, 2.4.144… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.23, 2.5.45, 2.5.108 |
| praetor, -ōris m.Div. 8× · Verr. 328× | The magistrate who presides over the court, empanels the jury and puts the question; in the provinces, the governor whose conduct such a court judges.主持法庭之长官，负责组成陪审团并交付表决；在行省则指总督，其行止正为此类法庭所审。 | Div. §§ 3, 32–33, 46, 60–62 · Verr. 1 1.1.10, 1.1.12, 1.1.13, 1.1.14, 1.1.21, 1.1.26… · Verr. 2.1 2.1.27, 2.1.30, 2.1.50, 2.1.51, 2.1.65, 2.1.99… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.11, 2.2.12, 2.2.21, 2.2.22, 2.2.25, 2.2.30… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.15, 2.3.16, 2.3.23, 2.3.24, 2.3.25, 2.3.27… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.7, 2.4.27, 2.4.32, 2.4.34, 2.4.36, 2.4.41… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.7, 2.5.8, 2.5.9, 2.5.14, 2.5.18, 2.5.22… |
| reus, -ī m.Div. 7× · Verr. 79× | The defendant, the man on trial; a person becomes reus when his name is accepted by the praetor.被告，受审之人；其名一经裁判官受理，即为被告。 | Div. §§ 23, 32, 38, 41, 50–51 · Verr. 1 1.1.2, 1.1.3, 1.1.5, 1.1.6, 1.1.9, 1.1.13… · Verr. 2.1 2.1.6, 2.1.9, 2.1.10, 2.1.19, 2.1.20, 2.1.24… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.1, 2.2.11, 2.2.27, 2.2.68, 2.2.70, 2.2.74… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.5, 2.3.52, 2.3.130, 2.3.194 · Verr. 2.4 2.4.29, 2.4.34, 2.4.40, 2.4.41, 2.4.49, 2.4.104… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.13, 2.5.19, 2.5.76, 2.5.109, 2.5.117, 2.5.177… |
| cōnsilium, -ī n.Div. 6× · Verr. 99× | The body of advisers sitting with a magistrate, and so the bench; also the deliberate purpose behind a course of action.与长官同坐之谘议团，故指审判席；亦指行事之审慎意图。 | Div. §§ 6, 13, 24, 37, 44, 73 · Verr. 1 1.1.1, 1.1.5, 1.1.10, 1.1.17, 1.1.26, 1.1.29… · Verr. 2.1 2.1.4, 2.1.10, 2.1.13, 2.1.18, 2.1.23, 2.1.26… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.8, 2.2.10, 2.2.13, 2.2.30, 2.2.37, 2.2.41… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.3, 2.3.6, 2.3.18, 2.3.38, 2.3.41, 2.3.44… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.15, 2.4.100, 2.4.138 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.10, 2.5.23, 2.5.25, 2.5.53, 2.5.54, 2.5.55… |
| patrōnus, -ī m.Div. 3× · Verr. 33× | The advocate who speaks for a client or a community; provinces had hereditary patroni at Rome, and it is as their patron that Sicily asks Cicero to act.为当事人或城邦发言之辩护人；行省在罗马有世袭的保护人，西西里正是以此身分请西塞罗出面。 | Div. §§ 2, 16, 64 · Verr. 1 1.1.40, 1.1.41 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.3, 2.1.18, 2.1.28, 2.1.119, 2.1.123, 2.1.124… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.10, 2.2.36, 2.2.74, 2.2.103, 2.2.114, 2.2.149… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.41, 2.3.45, 2.3.49, 2.3.72, 2.3.155 · Verr. 2.4 2.4.6, 2.4.41, 2.4.89, 2.4.90, 2.4.91 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.155 |
Opening a case 起诉之开端 6
| word词 | what it means in this court在此法庭中的意思 | where it stands出处 |
|---|---|---|
| accūsāreDiv. 28× · Verr. 42× | To prosecute: to bring and press a criminal charge before a standing court.起诉：在常设法庭提出并推进刑事控告。 | Div. §§ 1, 4–5, 8, 22, 24, 30–32, 54, 60, 62–63, 65, 69–71 · Verr. 1 1.1.33 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.21, 2.1.25, 2.1.26, 2.1.31, 2.1.43, 2.1.52… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.10, 2.2.68, 2.2.113, 2.2.114, 2.2.116, 2.2.118… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.3, 2.3.4, 2.3.6, 2.3.45, 2.3.63, 2.3.64… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.3, 2.4.87, 2.4.100, 2.4.145 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.60, 2.5.102, 2.5.117, 2.5.183, 2.5.189 |
| petereDiv. 17× · Verr. 61× | To seek a thing at law: to claim, to sue for, and (of a prosecutor) to ask the court for the conduct of a case.依法请求：主张、诉求；就起诉人而言，则为向法庭请求担任控告。 | Div. §§ 4, 6, 11–12, 14–15, 17, 23, 44, 64, 70, 72 · Verr. 1 1.1.23, 1.1.24, 1.1.26 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.16, 2.1.113, 2.1.125, 2.1.126, 2.1.135, 2.1.136… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.22, 2.2.25, 2.2.29, 2.2.30, 2.2.31, 2.2.32… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.27, 2.3.31, 2.3.35, 2.3.44, 2.3.72, 2.3.114… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.18, 2.4.65, 2.4.66, 2.4.70, 2.4.71, 2.4.75… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.138 |
| nōmen, -inis n.Div. 9× · Verr. 229× | The name laid before the court: to receive a nomen is to admit the charge to trial; to be struck from the register is to end it.呈于法庭之姓名：受理其名即准予开审，除名即案件终结。 | Div. §§ 8, 10, 13, 19, 55–56, 63–64, 69 · Verr. 1 1.1.4, 1.1.15, 1.1.17, 1.1.22, 1.1.38 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.11, 2.1.15, 2.1.23, 2.1.28, 2.1.35, 2.1.39… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.18, 2.2.21, 2.2.24, 2.2.25, 2.2.34, 2.2.43… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.14, 2.3.15, 2.3.19, 2.3.21, 2.3.30, 2.3.41… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.1, 2.4.4, 2.4.12, 2.4.25, 2.4.40, 2.4.57… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.2, 2.5.17, 2.5.18, 2.5.40, 2.5.43, 2.5.44… |
| accūsātiō, -ōnis f.Div. 8× · Verr. 24× | The prosecution as a whole — the case brought, its preparation and its conduct.整个控告：所提之案，及其准备与进行。 | Div. §§ 5, 31, 34–35, 45, 62, 73 · Verr. 1 1.1.4, 1.1.31, 1.1.32, 1.1.54, 1.1.55, 1.1.56 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.2, 2.1.17, 2.1.29, 2.1.34, 2.1.43 · Verr. 2.2 2.2.10, 2.2.116, 2.2.162, 2.2.168 · Verr. 2.3 2.3.12, 2.3.62, 2.3.127 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.2, 2.5.151, 2.5.189 |
| dēferre nōmenDiv. 8× · Verr. 51× | To lay an accusation before the praetor by naming the accused (nomen deferre); the formal act that starts a criminal case.向裁判官指名控告（nomen deferre）；刑事案件由此一正式行为而启动。 | Div. §§ 10, 22, 34, 49, 63–64, 67 · Verr. 1 1.1.19 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.15, 2.1.41, 2.1.50, 2.1.64, 2.1.84, 2.1.131… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.21, 2.2.29, 2.2.46, 2.2.54, 2.2.68, 2.2.90… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.21, 2.4.23, 2.4.52, 2.4.65, 2.4.70, 2.4.85… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.10, 2.5.27, 2.5.38, 2.5.130, 2.5.139, 2.5.145… |
| dēlātor / dēlātiō nōminisDiv. 2× · Verr. 0× | The layer of the charge, and the act of laying it: the formal step by which a name is put before the praetor.指控者及指控之行为：将某人之名呈于裁判官之正式步骤。 | Div. §§ 49, 64 |
Proof and witnesses 证据与证人 3
| word词 | what it means in this court在此法庭中的意思 | where it stands出处 |
|---|---|---|
| fidēs, -eī f.Div. 9× · Verr. 56× | Credit and trustworthiness — of a witness, of an advocate, of a record; also the good faith a patron owes those who rely on him.信实与可信：证人、辩护人、记录之可信度；亦指保护人对信赖其人者所负之信义。 | Div. §§ 5, 7, 11, 13, 20, 25, 51, 67, 73 · Verr. 1 1.1.19, 1.1.25, 1.1.31, 1.1.34, 1.1.51 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.4, 2.1.14, 2.1.17, 2.1.19, 2.1.22, 2.1.23… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.4, 2.2.10, 2.2.78, 2.2.131… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.6, 2.3.64, 2.3.137, 2.3.144, 2.3.146, 2.3.183 · Verr. 2.4 2.4.7, 2.4.14, 2.4.80, 2.4.84 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.83, 2.5.104, 2.5.106, 2.5.108, 2.5.127, 2.5.129… |
| probāreDiv. 7× · Verr. 65× | To prove a point to the court, and so to win its approval for it.向法庭证明一事，从而取得其认可。 | Div. §§ 1, 20, 60, 64–65, 72 · Verr. 1 1.1.51 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.10, 2.1.14, 2.1.15, 2.1.17, 2.1.19, 2.1.22… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.17, 2.2.23, 2.2.27, 2.2.28, 2.2.48, 2.2.90… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.52, 2.3.69, 2.3.73, 2.3.91, 2.3.137, 2.3.155… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.28, 2.4.31, 2.4.52, 2.4.99 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.45, 2.5.49, 2.5.78, 2.5.139, 2.5.153, 2.5.154… |
| testis, -is m.Div. 3× · Verr. 129× | A witness; the witnesses are what the divinatio does without and what the trial proper turns upon.证人；预审不传证人，而正案胜负正系于此。 | Div. §§ 13–14 · Verr. 1 1.1.7, 1.1.19, 1.1.20, 1.1.28, 1.1.33, 1.1.40… · Verr. 2.1 2.1.1, 2.1.3, 2.1.13, 2.1.16, 2.1.17, 2.1.20… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.12, 2.2.20, 2.2.24, 2.2.26, 2.2.64, 2.2.69… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.41, 2.3.59, 2.3.97, 2.3.108, 2.3.114, 2.3.122… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.17, 2.4.19, 2.4.30, 2.4.33, 2.4.48, 2.4.50… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.10, 2.5.59, 2.5.62, 2.5.74, 2.5.101, 2.5.103… |
The wrong charged 所控之不法 5
| word词 | what it means in this court在此法庭中的意思 | where it stands出处 |
|---|---|---|
| iniūria, -ae f.Div. 34× · Verr. 165× | A wrong done in breach of law; in the plural, the specific injuries a province lays before the court.违法所加之侵害；用复数时，即行省呈于法庭之各项具体损害。 | Div. §§ 10–12, 29–30, 32, 52–56, 58–60, 62, 64, 66–67 · Verr. 1 1.1.7 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.25, 2.1.29, 2.1.31, 2.1.59, 2.1.67, 2.1.69… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.8, 2.2.9, 2.2.11, 2.2.16, 2.2.22, 2.2.24… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.1, 2.3.6, 2.3.7, 2.3.10, 2.3.29, 2.3.32… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.10, 2.4.15, 2.4.20, 2.4.37, 2.4.38, 2.4.48… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.17, 2.5.108, 2.5.141, 2.5.149 |
| socius, -ī m.Div. 15× · Verr. 165× | The allies — the provincial communities under Rome's protection whose injuries the extortion court exists to redress.同盟者，即受罗马保护之行省诸邦；追赃法庭之设，正为救其所受之害。 | Div. §§ 7, 12, 17–18, 27, 32, 37, 63–65, 67 · Verr. 1 1.1.4, 1.1.7, 1.1.13, 1.1.42, 1.1.53, 1.1.56 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.4, 2.1.11, 2.1.15, 2.1.16, 2.1.45, 2.1.54… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.2, 2.2.4, 2.2.14, 2.2.15, 2.2.28, 2.2.47… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.6, 2.3.9, 2.3.21, 2.3.24, 2.3.25, 2.3.33… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.6, 2.4.14, 2.4.17, 2.4.18, 2.4.25, 2.4.67… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.8, 2.5.30, 2.5.50, 2.5.60, 2.5.83, 2.5.84… |
| crīmen, -inis n.Div. 13× · Verr. 149× | The charge — a specific accusation as formulated against the defendant, not guilt itself.控罪：针对被告所构成之具体指控，非谓罪责本身。 | Div. §§ 14, 30–33, 35, 38 · Verr. 1 1.1.8, 1.1.15, 1.1.19, 1.1.20, 1.1.33, 1.1.52… · Verr. 2.1 2.1.1, 2.1.12, 2.1.20, 2.1.25, 2.1.26, 2.1.29… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.10, 2.2.24, 2.2.36, 2.2.49, 2.2.68, 2.2.70… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.10, 2.3.46, 2.3.49, 2.3.106, 2.3.118, 2.3.130… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.2, 2.4.15, 2.4.41, 2.4.43, 2.4.48, 2.4.59… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.2, 2.5.19, 2.5.22, 2.5.23, 2.5.24, 2.5.39… |
| avāritia, -ae f.Div. 1× · Verr. 46× | Rapacity as a charge, not merely a vice: the disposition the statute treats as the source of extortion.贪婪：此处非徒为德行之疵，乃法律视为勒索之根源者。 | Div. §§ 3 · Verr. 1 1.1.42 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.8, 2.1.70, 2.1.86, 2.1.87, 2.1.128, 2.1.154 · Verr. 2.2 2.2.9, 2.2.35, 2.2.134, 2.2.190 · Verr. 2.3 2.3.4, 2.3.29, 2.3.103, 2.3.119, 2.3.120, 2.3.126… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.46, 2.4.48, 2.4.60, 2.4.68 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.2, 2.5.24, 2.5.42, 2.5.59, 2.5.63, 2.5.91… |
| spoliāreDiv. 1× · Verr. 59× | To strip, to plunder — the act the extortion court exists to punish.劫夺、掠取；追赃法庭之设，正为惩此。 | Div. §§ 11 · Verr. 1 1.1.11, 1.1.14, 1.1.40 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.9, 2.1.21, 2.1.46, 2.1.47, 2.1.52, 2.1.54… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.18, 2.2.50, 2.2.88, 2.2.152 · Verr. 2.3 2.3.6, 2.3.9, 2.3.29, 2.3.54, 2.3.75, 2.3.77… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.11, 2.4.37, 2.4.60, 2.4.63, 2.4.68, 2.4.80… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.1, 2.5.58, 2.5.59, 2.5.125, 2.5.127, 2.5.149… |
Judgment and what follows 判决及其后果 5
| word词 | what it means in this court在此法庭中的意思 | where it stands出处 |
|---|---|---|
| perīculum, -ī n.Div. 9× · Verr. 90× | Legal jeopardy: the risk a man runs when he stands trial, and by extension the trial itself.法律上之危殆：受审者所冒之风险，引申即指审判本身。 | Div. §§ 23, 25, 27, 31, 45–46, 59, 62–63 · Verr. 1 1.1.3, 1.1.11, 1.1.27, 1.1.32, 1.1.34, 1.1.51… · Verr. 2.1 2.1.15, 2.1.22, 2.1.39, 2.1.70, 2.1.71, 2.1.77… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.14, 2.2.16, 2.2.28, 2.2.33, 2.2.76, 2.2.90… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.9, 2.3.39, 2.3.49, 2.3.52, 2.3.62, 2.3.65… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.16, 2.4.49, 2.4.78, 2.4.108, 2.4.110, 2.4.120… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.7, 2.5.8, 2.5.23, 2.5.42… |
| absolvereDiv. 3× · Verr. 42× | To acquit: to release the defendant from the charge.宣告无罪：免被告于所控之罪。 | Div. §§ 23, 45 · Verr. 1 1.1.2, 1.1.19, 1.1.20, 1.1.48 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.6, 2.1.9, 2.1.20, 2.1.23, 2.1.25, 2.1.26… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.22, 2.2.70, 2.2.74, 2.2.75, 2.2.78, 2.2.79… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.31, 2.3.138, 2.3.148, 2.3.153, 2.3.206, 2.3.220… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.100 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.10, 2.5.173 |
| iūdicāreDiv. 3× · Verr. 115× | To judge: to reach and pronounce the decision of the court.裁判：作成并宣告法庭之决定。 | Div. §§ 8, 15, 56 · Verr. 1 1.1.3, 1.1.10, 1.1.13, 1.1.29, 1.1.30, 1.1.37… · Verr. 2.1 2.1.5, 2.1.18, 2.1.19, 2.1.20, 2.1.22, 2.1.26… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.1, 2.2.26, 2.2.27, 2.2.30, 2.2.31, 2.2.33… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.3, 2.3.22, 2.3.55, 2.3.82, 2.3.94, 2.3.96… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.98, 2.4.100, 2.4.127 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.3, 2.5.12, 2.5.13, 2.5.18, 2.5.19, 2.5.136… |
| condemnāreDiv. 2× · Verr. 69× | To convict: to find the defendant guilty and so subject him to the statute's penalty.定罪：判被告有罪，从而依法科其刑罚。 | Div. §§ 30–31 · Verr. 1 1.1.17, 1.1.20, 1.1.35, 1.1.39 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.3, 2.1.6, 2.1.20, 2.1.25, 2.1.26, 2.1.59… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.22, 2.2.31, 2.2.41, 2.2.42, 2.2.45, 2.2.70… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.31, 2.3.34, 2.3.54, 2.3.66, 2.3.69, 2.3.153… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.22, 2.4.36, 2.4.41, 2.4.53, 2.4.100 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.114, 2.5.115, 2.5.117, 2.5.128, 2.5.177 |
| supplicium, -ī n.Div. 1× · Verr. 59× | Capital or corporal punishment; in the Verrines the word names the abuses of a governor who inflicted it on Roman citizens.极刑或身体之刑；在《维勒斯案》中，此词正指总督对罗马公民滥施此刑之暴行。 | Div. §§ 3 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.7, 2.1.8, 2.1.9, 2.1.76 · Verr. 2.2 2.2.40, 2.2.91 · Verr. 2.3 2.3.6, 2.3.112, 2.3.119, 2.3.141, 2.3.208, 2.3.217 · Verr. 2.4 2.4.26, 2.4.90, 2.4.111 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.10, 2.5.11, 2.5.12, 2.5.13, 2.5.14, 2.5.18… |
Conduct of the advocate 诉讼行为与职责 5
| word词 | what it means in this court在此法庭中的意思 | where it stands出处 |
|---|---|---|
| dēfendereDiv. 27× · Verr. 200× | To defend: to speak for the accused, the office Cicero has held all his career and now sets aside.辩护：为被告发言；此乃西塞罗历来所任之职，今则暂舍之。 | Div. §§ 1–5, 11, 20–21, 23, 25, 27, 32–33, 41, 54, 58, 65–67, 70 · Verr. 1 1.1.10, 1.1.20, 1.1.40 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.2, 2.1.3, 2.1.4, 2.1.14, 2.1.16, 2.1.20… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.10, 2.2.11, 2.2.12, 2.2.15, 2.2.26, 2.2.27… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.32, 2.3.40, 2.3.54, 2.3.55, 2.3.64, 2.3.74… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.8, 2.4.28, 2.4.36, 2.4.43, 2.4.79, 2.4.80… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.1, 2.5.4, 2.5.12, 2.5.18, 2.5.19, 2.5.20… |
| cognōscereDiv. 9× · Verr. 157× | To take judicial cognisance: to examine a matter and come to know it as a court or a magistrate does.审理：如法庭或长官然，查明一事而知之。 | Div. §§ 1, 11, 20, 27–28, 55–56 · Verr. 1 1.1.6, 1.1.15, 1.1.16, 1.1.29, 1.1.38, 1.1.55 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.2, 2.1.13, 2.1.14, 2.1.15, 2.1.17, 2.1.25… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.15, 2.2.19, 2.2.20, 2.2.24, 2.2.25, 2.2.26… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.11, 2.3.45, 2.3.49, 2.3.53, 2.3.67, 2.3.74… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.1, 2.4.30, 2.4.31, 2.4.66, 2.4.103, 2.4.116… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.9, 2.5.23, 2.5.25, 2.5.33, 2.5.48, 2.5.53… |
| officium, -ī n.Div. 5× · Verr. 31× | The duty a relationship imposes — here the obligation of a former quaestor to the province he served.关系所生之职分：此处即前任财务官对其所任行省应尽之义务。 | Div. §§ 4–5, 14, 47, 72 · Verr. 1 1.1.27, 1.1.28 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.94, 2.1.135, 2.1.137 · Verr. 2.2 2.2.98, 2.2.153, 2.2.163, 2.2.172 · Verr. 2.3 2.3.144, 2.3.170, 2.3.220 · Verr. 2.4 2.4.79, 2.4.81, 2.4.82, 2.4.86 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.35, 2.5.51, 2.5.83, 2.5.109, 2.5.124, 2.5.125… |
| exīstimātiō, -ōnis f.Div. 4× · Verr. 52× | Standing in public opinion — the reputation a court, an advocate or a witness carries, itself an issue in this speech.公论中之声望：法庭、辩护人或证人所负之名誉；本篇正以此为一大关目。 | Div. §§ 48, 57, 71–72 · Verr. 1 1.1.2, 1.1.20, 1.1.29, 1.1.42, 1.1.44 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.21, 2.1.22, 2.1.64, 2.1.87, 2.1.93, 2.1.101… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.28, 2.2.29, 2.2.40, 2.2.58, 2.2.60, 2.2.102… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.131, 2.3.132, 2.3.133, 2.3.137, 2.3.139, 2.3.140… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.33, 2.4.45, 2.4.54, 2.4.60, 2.4.66, 2.4.101… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.35, 2.5.143, 2.5.167, 2.5.175, 2.5.176 |
| mōs māiōrumDiv. 2× · Verr. 5× | Ancestral usage: the unwritten standard by which a magistrate's and an advocate's conduct is measured alongside the statute.祖制：成文法之外，衡量长官与辩护人行止之不成文准则。 | Div. §§ 5, 46 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.37, 2.1.38 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.12, 2.5.22, 2.5.133 |
Terms of the procedure this speech never uses本篇未用而程序自有之语 13
The Divinatio names neither the hearing it is (divinatio), nor the court it stands in (quaestio), nor the collusion the hearing exists to prevent (praevaricatio). The procedure's own words are here with the passages of the Verrines that carry them, because a reader who meets them there should know they are absent here.《预审辞》既不自名其所属之程序（divinatio），亦不称其所在之法庭（quaestio），更不言此审所欲防之通谋（praevaricatio）。兹列程序自有之语，并附《维勒斯案》中之出处，俾读者于彼处遇之，知其不见于此。
| word词 | what it means in this court在此法庭中的意思 | where it stands出处 |
|---|---|---|
| quaestiō, -ōnis f.Verr. 9× | The standing court set up by statute to try one class of offence; here the quaestio de pecuniis repetundis, sitting under a praetor with a panel of jurors.依法设立、专审一类罪行的常设法庭；此处即追赃法庭，由裁判官主持，陪审团审理。 | Div. — · Verr. 1 1.1.30 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.13, 2.1.108, 2.1.158 · Verr. 2.2 2.2.15, 2.2.68, 2.2.70, 2.2.74 · Verr. 2.3 2.3.83 |
| calumnia, -ae f.Verr. 9× | Malicious prosecution: bringing a charge one knows to be false, an offence in its own right.诬告：明知不实而提起控告，其本身即为罪。 | Div. — · Verr. 2.2 2.2.21, 2.2.25, 2.2.37, 2.2.43, 2.2.66, 2.2.67 · Verr. 2.3 2.3.38 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.108 |
| comparāreVerr. 23× | To set two applicants side by side and weigh them against each other, the very operation the divinatio performs.将两造并置而权衡之，正即预审所为之事。 | Div. — · Verr. 1 1.1.9, 1.1.17, 1.1.42, 1.1.52 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.2, 2.1.65, 2.1.91 · Verr. 2.2 2.2.83 · Verr. 2.3 2.3.21, 2.3.32, 2.3.188 · Verr. 2.4 2.4.58, 2.4.147 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.26, 2.5.46, 2.5.50, 2.5.59, 2.5.118, 2.5.162… |
| dīvīnātiō, -ōnis f.Verr. 0× | The preliminary hearing in which the court chooses between rival applicants for the right to prosecute, decided without witnesses or documents — hence the name, a judgement reached by divining.预审：数人争为起诉者时，法庭于其间择一之程序；此审不传证人、不阅簿册，故名预断。 | Div. — |
| praevāricātiō, -ōnis f.Verr. 0× | Collusive prosecution: pressing a charge in order to lose it, the danger the divinatio is meant to forestall.通谋渎职之控告：佯为起诉而实图败之；预审之设，正为防此。 | Div. — |
| iūdicium dareVerr. 1× | For the praetor to grant a trial — the decision that lets a case go forward at all.裁判官准予开审：案件得否进行，系于此一决定。 | Div. — · Verr. 2.3 2.3.152 |
| argūmentum, -ī n.Verr. 19× | A proof drawn by inference rather than from a witness or a document.论证：非由证人或书证，而由推理得出之证明。 | Div. — · Verr. 1 1.1.17, 1.1.55 · Verr. 2.2 2.2.18, 2.2.58, 2.2.59, 2.2.91, 2.2.104, 2.2.115… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.61, 2.3.153 · Verr. 2.4 2.4.11, 2.4.124 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.48, 2.5.79, 2.5.101, 2.5.139, 2.5.146 |
| iūrātus / iūs iūrandumVerr. 15× | On oath: the sworn condition in which jurors decide and witnesses speak.宣誓：陪审据以裁断、证人据以陈述之誓约状态。 | Div. — · Verr. 1 1.1.40 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.9, 2.1.14, 2.1.84, 2.1.139 · Verr. 2.2 2.2.13, 2.2.80, 2.2.177 · Verr. 2.3 2.3.144 · Verr. 2.4 2.4.18, 2.4.50 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.15, 2.5.19, 2.5.27 |
| tabulae, -ārum f.Verr. 111× | The written record — accounts, registers, documents — produced in evidence; with witnesses, the two proofs a court weighs.书证：账簿、登记簿、文书等呈庭之记录；与证人并为法庭所衡之两种证据。 | Div. — · Verr. 1 1.1.33, 1.1.56 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.27, 2.1.28, 2.1.45, 2.1.50, 2.1.55, 2.1.57… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.20, 2.2.50, 2.2.83, 2.2.101, 2.2.104, 2.2.105… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.9, 2.3.26, 2.3.77, 2.3.83, 2.3.93, 2.3.112… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.1, 2.4.8, 2.4.12, 2.4.31, 2.4.36, 2.4.43… · Verr. 2.5 2.5.10, 2.5.47, 2.5.102, 2.5.103, 2.5.127 |
| damnāreVerr. 80× | To condemn, and in the formula damnas esto to declare a party bound to pay what the judgment fixes.判罪；在 damnas esto 一语中，则宣告一方应给付判决所定之数。 | Div. — · Verr. 1 1.1.1, 1.1.2, 1.1.10, 1.1.13, 1.1.38, 1.1.39… · Verr. 2.1 2.1.3, 2.1.8, 2.1.9, 2.1.21, 2.1.33, 2.1.71… · Verr. 2.2 2.2.13, 2.2.16, 2.2.42, 2.2.45, 2.2.91, 2.2.99… · Verr. 2.3 2.3.25, 2.3.28, 2.3.29, 2.3.55, 2.3.60, 2.3.69… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.22, 2.4.33, 2.4.34, 2.4.100 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.10, 2.5.11, 2.5.12, 2.5.13, 2.5.14, 2.5.18… |
| lītis aestimātiōVerr. 4× | The assessment of damages after conviction: the court fixes what the convicted man must repay.定罪后之估算：由法庭定其应偿之数。 | Div. — · Verr. 2.1 2.1.96, 2.1.99 · Verr. 2.2 2.2.45 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.128 |
| poena, -ae f.Verr. 29× | The penalty the statute attaches to the offence, exacted after conviction.法律为该罪所定之罚，定罪后科之。 | Div. — · Verr. 2.1 2.1.6, 2.1.7, 2.1.8, 2.1.82, 2.1.124 · Verr. 2.2 2.2.66, 2.2.138 · Verr. 2.3 2.3.12, 2.3.20, 2.3.28, 2.3.30, 2.3.54, 2.3.55… · Verr. 2.4 2.4.19, 2.4.30, 2.4.72, 2.4.85 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.108, 2.5.113, 2.5.121, 2.5.133, 2.5.163 |
| dīcere causamVerr. 12× | To plead: causam dicere is to conduct a case in court, whether for the prosecution or the defence.陈述：causam dicere 即在庭上主张一案，控辩皆然。 | Div. — · Verr. 1 1.1.26 · Verr. 2.1 2.1.26, 2.1.102 · Verr. 2.2 2.2.70, 2.2.91 · Verr. 2.4 2.4.53 · Verr. 2.5 2.5.10, 2.5.14, 2.5.106 |