A Corpus of Roman Official Documents罗马官方文书语料库

The catalogue语料库目录

All twenty-five editions of the corpus. Filter by stage, by instrument-type or by language, or search the catalogue; open any card to read the full critical edition.语料库全部二十五部评注本。可按阶段、文书类别或语言筛选，或检索目录；点击任一卡片即可阅读完整之评注本。

The typology of the instruments文书类型谱系

The corpus speaks in seven legal instruments. They differ in who issues them and with what authority — and that difference orders the whole collection, from a decree of the Senate to an enactment that remade the citizen body of the world.语料库以七类法律文书发声。它们的差别在于由谁颁布、凭何权威——而此一差别，统摄了整个文献集：自元老院之一纸决议，至重塑全世界公民团体之一道立法。

The corpus in time语料库之编年

The twenty-five editions in chronological order, from the aqueduct edict of Augustus to a Phrygian village's petition to Philip the Arab — two and a half centuries of the Roman state's documentary voice.二十五部评注本依年代为序，自奥古斯都之引水渠敕令，至弗里吉亚一村致阿拉伯人腓力之请愿——罗马国家文献之声，跨越两个多世纪。

Latin and Greek拉丁文与希腊文

The Roman state governed a bilingual empire, and the corpus is bilingual with it: fourteen Latin editions, eight Greek, and three — the Sotidius Strabo edict, the Skaptopara petition and the Aragua petition — inscribed in both. Stages 3, 5 and 6 hold both languages, and show the very same genres crossing the language frontier.罗马国家治理着一个双语帝国，语料库亦随之双语：拉丁文评注本十四部，希腊文八部，另有三部——索提狄乌斯·斯特拉波敕令、斯卡普托帕拉请愿书与阿拉古阿请愿书——以两种语言同刻。第三、第五与第六阶段皆两种语言兼备——并展示同一批体例如何跨越语言之界。

An imperial edict opens, in Latin, with the issuer's titulature and the verb dicit; in Greek, with the titulature and légei — the same act, the same form, two languages. The Latin Venafrum aqueduct edict and the Greek Cyrene Edicts are the same instrument; so are the Latin letter of Vespasian to the Saborenses and the Greek Letter of Claudius to the Alexandrians. The Roman senatus consultum itself appears in Greek translation — as the sixth document of the Cyrene dossier, the senatus consultum Calvisianum. The corpus lets the reader watch one administrative culture work in its two tongues.皇帝之敕令，拉丁文以颁布者衔名与动词 dicit 起首；希腊文则以衔名与 légei 起首——同一行为、同一形式，两种语言。拉丁文之维纳夫鲁姆引水渠敕令与希腊文之昔兰尼敕令，乃同一类文书；拉丁文之维斯帕先致萨波拉人书与希腊文之克劳狄乌斯致亚历山大城人书，亦复如是。罗马之元老院决议本身亦以希腊文译本现身——即昔兰尼文献群之第六篇，《卡尔维西乌斯元老院决议》。语料库使读者得见一种行政文化如何以其两种语言运作。

Reading the corpus whole整体阅读语料库

The project began with a single inscription and ends with a corpus. The arc is worth following.本项目始于一方铭文，终于一个语料库。这道弧线值得追循。

Stage 1 was one document: the senatus consultum de Cn. Pisone patre, edited as a research-grade specimen and made the template for everything after. Stage 2 showed that the specimen was not unique — the SCPP belonged to a genre, the Roman honours-decree, and five further editions (the genre layer reads them together) revealed the senatus consultum, the lex and the decretum decurionum as one connected family.第一阶段只是一份文书：《克奈乌斯·皮索决议》，作为研究级范本加以校订，并成为此后一切之模板。第二阶段表明这一范本并非孤例——SCPP 属于一种体例，即罗马荣誉决议；另五部评注本（《体例层》将其合而读之）揭示出元老院决议、法律与市议会决议实为一个相互关联之家族。

Stage 3 widened the frame from the Senate to the emperor. Ten editions — six Latin, four Greek — set out the imperial pronouncement: the edict, the letter, the rescript, the constitutio, issued by emperors and, by delegated authority, by their governors and prefects. The genre crossed from Rome into the Greek East, and the corpus became bilingual. Stage 4 — this page — binds the twenty-five editions into one searchable, cross-linked whole; Stages 5 and 6 carry the corpus into the provinces, with the edicts of the emperor's governors and the petitions of the communities they ruled.第三阶段将视野自元老院扩展至皇帝。十部评注本——拉丁文六部、希腊文四部——铺陈出皇帝文告：敕令、书信、批复、谕令，出于皇帝，亦经授权出于其总督与长官。此一体例自罗马跨入希腊化东方，语料库遂成双语。第四阶段——即本页——将二十五部评注本结为一个可检索、相互关联之整体；第五与第六阶段则将语料库引入行省——皇帝总督之敕令，与其所治社群之请愿。